1. Bigenda bite iyo wino ikize cyane?Hariho igitekerezo kivuga ko iyo wino igaragaramo urumuri rwinshi rwa ultraviolet, bizakomera kandi bikomeye. Iyo abantu basohoye indi wino kuriyi firime ya wino igakomera hanyuma bakayumisha kunshuro ya kabiri, gufatana hagati ya wino yo hejuru no hepfo bizaba bikennye cyane.
Iyindi nyigisho nuko gukira birenze urugero bizatera ifoto-okiside hejuru ya wino. Ifoto-okiside izasenya imiyoboro yimiti hejuru ya firime ya wino. Niba imigozi ya molekulari hejuru ya firime ya wino yangiritse cyangwa yangiritse, gufatana hagati yacyo nundi murwego rwa wino bizagabanuka. Filime yino ikize cyane ntabwo ihindagurika gusa, ariko kandi irashobora no kwinjirira hejuru.
2. Kuki inkingi zimwe za UV zikiza vuba kurusha izindi?Inkingi ya UV isanzwe ikorwa ukurikije ibiranga substrate zimwe nibisabwa byihariye bya porogaramu zimwe. Uhereye kuri chimique, wino yihuta gukira, niko guhinduka kwayo nyuma yo gukira. Nkuko ushobora kubyiyumvisha, mugihe wino imaze gukira, molekile ya wino izahura ningaruka zifatika. Niba izo molekile zigize umubare munini wiminyururu ifite amashami menshi, wino izakira vuba ariko ntishobora guhinduka cyane; niba izo molekile zigize umubare muto wiminyururu idafite amashami, wino irashobora gukira buhoro ariko byanze bikunze byoroshye. Inkingi nyinshi zakozwe zishingiye kubisabwa. Kurugero, kuri wino yagenewe kubyara ibicuruzwa byahinduwe, firime ya wino yakize igomba kuba ihujwe nibikoresho bifatanye kandi bigahinduka kuburyo buhagije kugirango bihuze nibitunganijwe nyuma nko gupfa no gushushanya.
Birakwiye ko tumenya ko ibikoresho fatizo bya chimique bikoreshwa muri wino bidashobora kubyitwaramo hejuru yubutaka, bitabaye ibyo bizatera gucika, kumeneka cyangwa gusiba. Inkingi nkiyi isanzwe ikira buhoro. Inkingi zagenewe gukora amakarita cyangwa imbaho zikomeye zerekana plastike ntizikeneye guhinduka cyane kandi byumye vuba bitewe nibisabwa. Niba wino yumye vuba cyangwa buhoro, tugomba guhera kumurongo wanyuma. Ikindi kibazo gikwiye kwitonderwa ni ibikoresho byo gukiza. Inkingi zimwe zirashobora gukira vuba, ariko kubera ubushobozi buke bwibikoresho byo gukiza, umuvuduko wo gukira wino urashobora gutinda cyangwa gukira bituzuye.
3. Kuki firime polyakarubone (PC) ihinduka umuhondo mugihe nkoresheje wino ya UV?Polyakarubone yumva imirasire ya ultraviolet ifite uburebure buri munsi ya nanometero 320. Umuhondo wubuso bwa firime uterwa no kumena urunigi rwa molekile biterwa na fotooxidation. Ihuriro rya molekulike ya plastike ikurura ingufu z'umucyo ultraviolet kandi ikabyara radicals z'ubuntu. Izi radicals zubuntu zifata umwuka wa ogisijeni mukirere kandi zigahindura isura nibintu bya plastiki.
4. Nigute twakwirinda cyangwa gukuraho umuhondo wubuso bwa polyakarubone?Niba UV wino ikoreshwa mugucapisha firime ya polyakarubone, umuhondo wubuso bwawo urashobora kugabanuka, ariko ntishobora kuvaho burundu. Gukoresha gukiza amatara wongeyeho icyuma cyangwa gallium birashobora kugabanya neza ibibaho byumuhondo. Amatara azagabanya gusohora imirasire ngufi ya ultraviolet kugirango yirinde kwangirika kwa polyakarubone. Byongeye kandi, gukiza neza ibara rya wino bizafasha kandi kugabanya igihe cyo kwerekana substrate kumucyo ultraviolet no kugabanya amahirwe yo guhindura ibara rya firime polyakarubone.
5.Ni irihe sano riri hagati y'ibipimo byo gushiraho (watts kuri santimetero) ku itara rya UV rikiza n'ibisomwa tubona kuri radiometero (watts kuri santimetero kare cyangwa miliwatt kuri santimetero kare)?
Watts kuri santimetero nigice cyingufu zamatara akiza, ikomoka kumategeko ya Ohm ya volt (voltage) x amps (ikigezweho) = watts (imbaraga); mugihe watts kuri santimetero kare cyangwa miliwatt kuri santimetero kare yerekana urumuri rwo hejuru (ingufu za UV) kuri buri gice iyo radiometero inyuze munsi y itara rikiza. Kumurika cyane biterwa ahanini nimbaraga z itara rikiza. Impamvu dukoresha watts mugupima urumuri rwinshi ni ukubera ko igereranya ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa n'itara rikiza. Usibye ubwinshi bw'amashanyarazi yakiriwe n'ishami rishinzwe gukiza, ibindi bintu bigira ingaruka kumurika rya mpinga harimo imiterere na geometrike ya ecran, imyaka y'itara rikiza, n'intera iri hagati y'itara rikiza n'ubuso bukiza.
6. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya milijoules na miliwatts?Ingufu zose zishushe hejuru yubuso mugihe runaka mubisanzwe zigaragarira muri joules kuri santimetero imwe cyangwa milijoules kuri santimetero kare. Bifitanye isano ahanini n'umuvuduko wumukandara wa convoyeur, imbaraga, umubare, imyaka, uko amatara akiza, n'imiterere n'imiterere ya ecran muri sisitemu yo gukiza. Imbaraga z'ingufu za UV cyangwa ingufu z'imirasire zishushe ku buso bwihariye zigaragarira cyane cyane muri watts / santimetero kare cyangwa miliwatts / santimetero kare. Iyo ingufu za UV zirenze hejuru ya substrate, niko imbaraga nyinshi zinjira muri firime ya wino. Yaba miliwatts cyangwa milijoules, irashobora gupimwa gusa mugihe uburebure bwumuraba wa radiometero bujuje ibisabwa.
7. Nigute dushobora kwemeza ko gukira neza wino ya UV?Gukiza firime ya wino iyo inyuze mubice byo gukiza bwa mbere ni ngombwa cyane. Gukira neza birashobora kugabanya ihinduka ryimiterere ya substrate, gukira cyane, kongera gutose no gukira, kandi bigahindura guhuza hagati ya wino no gusetsa cyangwa hagati yimyenda. Ibicapiro bya ecran bigomba kumenya ibipimo byumusaruro mbere yuko umusaruro utangira. Kugirango tugerageze gukira neza ya wino ya UV, turashobora gutangira gucapa kumuvuduko muto wemerewe na substrate no gukiza ibyitegererezo byacapwe. Ibikurikira, shyira imbaraga kumatara yo gukiza kubiciro byagenwe nuwakoze wino. Mugihe dukorana namabara atoroshye gukira, nkumukara numweru, turashobora kandi kongera muburyo bukwiye ibipimo byitara rikiza. Urupapuro rwacapwe rumaze gukonja, turashobora gukoresha uburyo bwigicucu cyerekezo kugirango tumenye ifatizo ya firime. Niba icyitegererezo gishobora gutsinda ikizamini neza, umuvuduko wimpapuro urashobora kwiyongera kuri metero 10 kumunota, hanyuma gucapa no kugerageza birashobora gukorwa kugeza firime ya wino itakaje kwizirika kuri substrate, hamwe n'umukandara wa convoyeur no gukiza ibipimo by'itara. muri iki gihe byanditswe. Noneho, umuvuduko wumukandara wa convoyeur urashobora kugabanukaho 20-30% ukurikije ibiranga sisitemu ya wino cyangwa ibyifuzo byabatanga wino.
8. Niba amabara adahuzagurika, nkwiye guhangayikishwa no gukira birenze?Gukiza cyane bibaho mugihe ubuso bwa firime ya wino ikurura urumuri rwa UV cyane. Niba iki kibazo kitavumbuwe kandi kigakemurwa mugihe, ubuso bwa firime ya wino bizakomera kandi bikomeye. Birumvikana ko, mugihe cyose tudakora amabara arenze, ntitugomba guhangayikishwa cyane niki kibazo. Ariko, dukeneye gusuzuma ikindi kintu cyingenzi, aricyo firime cyangwa substrate icapwa. Urumuri rwa UV rushobora kugira ingaruka kumiterere yubutaka hamwe na plastiki zimwe na zimwe zumva urumuri rwa UV rwuburebure bwumurongo runaka. Uku kwiyumvisha uburebure bwihariye bwamazi hamwe na ogisijeni mu kirere birashobora gutera kwangirika kwa plastike. Imigozi ya molekulari hejuru yubutaka irashobora gucika kandi igatera guhuza hagati ya wino ya UV na substrate kunanirwa. Kwangirika kwimikorere yubutaka ni inzira gahoro gahoro kandi bifitanye isano itaziguye ningufu za UV yakira.
9. Inkingi ya UV ni wino y'icyatsi? Kubera iki?Ugereranije na wino-ishingiye kuri wino, wino ya UV rwose yangiza ibidukikije. Inkingi ya UV ishobora gukira irashobora guhinduka 100%, bivuze ko ibice byose bigize wino bizahinduka firime yanyuma.
Ku rundi ruhande, wino ishingiye kuri solvent, izarekura umuyaga mwikirere mugihe firime ya wino yumye. Kubera ko ibishishwa ari ibinyabuzima bihindagurika, byangiza ibidukikije.
10. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gupima amakuru yubucucike bwerekanwa kuri densitometero?Ubucucike bwiza ntibufite ibice. Densitometero ipima urugero rw'urumuri rugaragara cyangwa rwandujwe hejuru yanditswe. Ijisho rya fotoelectric rihujwe na densitometero rirashobora guhindura ijanisha ryumucyo wagaragajwe cyangwa woherejwe mubiciro byuzuye.
11. Ni ibihe bintu bigira ingaruka ku bucucike?Mugucapisha ecran, impinduka zigira ingaruka kumubyigano cyane cyane ubunini bwa firime ya wino, ibara, ingano numubare wibice bya pigment, hamwe nibara rya substrate. Ubucucike bwa optique bugenwa cyane cyane nubunini nubunini bwa firime ya wino, nayo ikagira ingaruka ku bunini n'umubare w'uduce duto twa pigment hamwe no kwinjiza urumuri no gukwirakwiza.
12. Urwego rwa dyne ni uruhe?Dyne / cm nigice gikoreshwa mugupima uburemere bwubuso. Iyi mpagarara iterwa no gukurura intermolecular gukurura amazi runaka (tension yubuso) cyangwa bikomeye (ingufu zubutaka). Kubikorwa bifatika, mubisanzwe twita iyi parameter dyne urwego. Urwego rwa dyne cyangwa ingufu zubuso bwa substrate runaka byerekana ubushuhe bwayo hamwe na wino. Ingufu zo hejuru ni umutungo wumubiri wibintu. Filime nyinshi hamwe nubutaka bukoreshwa mugucapa bifite urwego rucapye, nka 31 dyne / cm polyethylene na 29 dyne / cm polypropilene, bityo bisaba ubuvuzi bwihariye. Kuvura neza birashobora kongera urwego rwa dyne ya substrate zimwe, ariko byigihe gito. Iyo witeguye gucapa, hari ibindi bintu bigira ingaruka kumurongo wa dyne ya substrate, nka: igihe numubare wokuvura, imiterere yububiko, ubushuhe bwibidukikije hamwe nu mukungugu. Kubera ko urwego rwa dyne rushobora guhinduka mugihe, printer nyinshi zumva ko ari ngombwa kuvura cyangwa kongera kuvura firime mbere yo gucapa.
13. Nigute kuvura flame bikorwa?Plastiki ntizisanzwe kandi zifite ubuso bwa inert (ingufu nkeya). Kuvura flame nuburyo bwo kubanza kuvura plastike kugirango wongere urwego rwa dyne hejuru yubutaka. Usibye murwego rwo gucapa amacupa ya plastike, ubu buryo bukoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo gutunganya amamodoka na firime. Kuvura umuriro ntabwo byongera ingufu zubutaka gusa, ahubwo binakuraho kwanduza hejuru.Ubuvuzi bwumuriro burimo urukurikirane rwibintu bigoye byumubiri nubumara. Uburyo bufatika bwo kuvura ibirimi ni uko urumuri rwinshi rwohereza imbaraga mu mavuta n’umwanda hejuru ya substrate, bigatuma bahumeka munsi yubushyuhe kandi bigira uruhare mu isuku; nuburyo bwa chimique ni uko urumuri rurimo umubare munini wa ion, ufite imbaraga za okiside ikomeye. Munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi, ifata hejuru yikintu cyavuwe kugirango igire urwego rwamatsinda yimikorere ya polar ikora hejuru yikintu cyavuwe, cyongera ingufu zubuso bityo bikongerera ubushobozi bwo gukuramo amazi.
14. Kuvura corona ni iki?Gusohora Corona nubundi buryo bwo kongera urwego rwa dyne. Ukoresheje imbaraga nyinshi mumashanyarazi, umwuka ukikije urashobora kuba ion. Iyo substrate inyuze muri kariya gace ioni, imigozi ya molekuline hejuru yibikoresho izacika. Ubu buryo busanzwe bukoreshwa mugucapisha kuzenguruka ibikoresho bya firime yoroheje.
15. Nigute plasitike igira ingaruka ku gufatira kwa wino kuri PVC?Plastiseri ni imiti ituma ibikoresho byacapwe byoroha kandi byoroshye. Ikoreshwa cyane muri PVC (polyvinyl chloride). Ubwoko nubunini bwa plastike yongewe kuri PVC yoroheje cyangwa izindi plastiki ahanini biterwa nibisabwa nabantu kubijyanye nubukanishi, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe hamwe namashanyarazi yibikoresho byacapwe. Plastiseri ifite ubushobozi bwo kwimukira hejuru yubutaka kandi bigira ingaruka kuri wino. Plastiseri iguma hejuru yubutaka ni umwanda ugabanya ingufu zubutaka bwa substrate. Uko umwanda mwinshi hejuru, imbaraga zo hejuru ziragabanuka kandi ntizifata neza. Kugira ngo wirinde ibi, umuntu arashobora guhanagura substrate akoresheje isuku yoroheje mbere yo gucapa kugirango arusheho gucapwa.
16. Nkeneye amatara angahe kugirango nkire?Nubwo sisitemu ya wino n'ubwoko bwa substrate biratandukanye, muri rusange, sisitemu imwe yo gukiza itara irahagije. Byumvikane ko, niba ufite bije ihagije, urashobora kandi guhitamo ibice bibiri byo gukiza amatara kugirango wongere umuvuduko wo gukira. Impamvu itara ebyiri zikiza ziruta imwe nuko sisitemu ebyiri-itara rishobora gutanga ingufu nyinshi kuri substrate kumuvuduko umwe wa convoyeur no kugena ibipimo. Kimwe mu bibazo by'ingenzi tugomba gusuzuma ni ukumenya niba igice gikiza gishobora gukama wino yacapishijwe ku muvuduko usanzwe.
17. Ni gute ubwiza bwa wino bugira ingaruka ku gucapwa?Inkingi nyinshi ni thixotropic, bivuze ko ububobere bwabo buhinduka hamwe nogosha, igihe nubushyuhe. Mubyongeyeho, hejuru yikigereranyo cyogosha, niko ubwiza bwa wino bugabanuka; hejuru yubushyuhe bwibidukikije, niko igabanuka ryumwaka wa wino. Inkingi yo gucapa wino muri rusange igera kubisubizo byiza kumashini icapura, ariko rimwe na rimwe hazabaho ibibazo byo gucapura bitewe nigikoresho cyo gucapa no guhinduranya mbere yo gukanda. Ubukonje bwa wino kumashini icapura nabwo buratandukanye nubwiza bwayo muri karitsiye ya wino. Abakora inkingi bashiraho urutonde rwihariye rwibicuruzwa byabo. Kuri wino yoroheje cyane cyangwa ifite ubukonje buke cyane, abakoresha nabo barashobora kongeramo umubyimba muburyo bukwiye; kuri wino ifite umubyimba mwinshi cyangwa ufite ubukonje bwinshi, abakoresha nabo barashobora kongeramo diluents. Mubyongeyeho, urashobora kandi kuvugana nuwatanze wino kumakuru yibicuruzwa.
18. Ni ibihe bintu bigira ingaruka ku gutuza cyangwa kuramba kwa wino ya UV?Ikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kumurongo wino ni ukubika wino. Inkingi ya UV mubusanzwe ibikwa muri karitsiye ya wino ya pulasitike aho kubika ibyuma bya wino kubera ko ibikoresho bya pulasitike bifite urugero runaka rwa ogisijeni yinjira, bishobora kwemeza ko hari icyuho cyumwuka kiri hagati yubuso bwa wino nigifuniko cya kontineri. Iki cyuho cyo mu kirere - cyane cyane ogisijeni mu kirere - gifasha kugabanya guhuza imburagihe hakiri kare. Usibye gupakira, ubushyuhe bwibikoresho bya wino nabyo ni ngombwa kugirango bikomeze. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burashobora gutera reaction zidashyitse no guhuza wino. Guhindura umwimerere wumwimerere birashobora kandi kugira ingaruka kumutwe wa wino. Ibyongeweho, cyane cyane catalizator hamwe naba fotinitiatori, birashobora kugabanya igihe cyo kuramba cya wino.
19. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yerekana ibimenyetso (IML) no gushushanya (IMD)?Kwandika mubishushanyo mbonera no gushushanya muburyo busobanura ikintu kimwe, ni ukuvuga, ikirango cyangwa firime yo gushushanya (byakozwe cyangwa bitaribyo) bishyirwa mubibumbano kandi plastiki yashongeshejwe irabishyigikira mugihe igice cyakozwe. Ibirango byakoreshejwe mubyambere byakozwe hifashishijwe tekinoroji yo gucapa itandukanye, nka gravure, offset, flexographic cyangwa icapiro rya ecran. Ibirango mubisanzwe byacapwe gusa hejuru yibikoresho, mugihe uruhande rutacapishijwe ruhujwe no guterwa inshinge. Imitako ishushanya ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibice biramba kandi mubisanzwe icapishwa hejuru ya kabiri ya firime ibonerana. Imitako ishushanya muri rusange icapwa hifashishijwe icapiro rya ecran, kandi firime na wino ya UV ikoreshwa bigomba guhuzwa nuburyo bwo gutera inshinge.
20. Bigenda bite iyo igikoresho cyo gukiza azote gikoreshwa mugukiza wino y'amabara ya UV?Sisitemu yo gukiza ikoresha azote mu gukiza ibicuruzwa byacapwe iraboneka imyaka irenga icumi. Izi sisitemu zikoreshwa cyane cyane mugukiza imyenda hamwe na membrane ihindura. Azote ikoreshwa mu mwanya wa ogisijeni kuko ogisijeni ibuza gukira wino. Nyamara, kubera ko urumuri ruva mumatara muri sisitemu ari ruto cyane, ntabwo rukora neza mugukiza pigment cyangwa wino y'amabara.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-24-2024
