Isoko rya Coatings muri Afurika: Amahirwe n'imbogamizi by'Umwaka Mushya

Biteganijwe ko ubukungu bwa Afurika buziyongera gato mu 2024, aho za leta zo ku mugabane zitegereje ko ubukungu bwazamuka cyane mu 2025. Ibi bizatanga inzira yo kuvugurura no gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga y'ibikorwa remezo, cyane cyane mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu, ingufu n'imiturire, ibi bikaba bifitanye isano no kwiyongera kw'ikoreshwa ry'ubwoko butandukanye bw'amabara.

Icyerekezo gishya cy’ubukungu bwa Afurika cyakozwe na Banki Nyafurika Iterambere (AfDB) giteganya ko ubukungu bw’uyu mugabane buziyongera bukagera kuri 3.7% mu 2024 na 4.3% mu 2025.

Raporo ya AfDB igira iti: “Izamuka ry’ubukungu rya Afurika rizayoborwa na Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (izamukaho amanota 3.4 ku ijana) na Afurika y’Amajyepfo na Afurika y’Iburengerazuba (buri kimwe kizamukaho amanota 0.6 ku ijana).”

Nibura ibihugu 40 bya Afurika "bizazamuka cyane mu 2024 ugereranyije no mu 2023, kandi umubare w'ibihugu bifite igipimo cyo kwiyongera kirenga 5% uziyongera ugere kuri 17," iyi banki yongeraho.

Uku kwiyongera kw’ubukungu guteganijwe, nubwo ari guto, byitezwe ko kuzashyigikira gahunda ya Afurika yo kugabanya umutwaro w’imyenda yo hanze, kongera imishinga y’ibikorwaremezo irimo kandi idindizwa, cyane cyane amazu ahendutse, imihanda, gari ya moshi, ndetse n’ibigo by’amashuri kugira ngo abanyeshuri barusheho kwiyongera vuba bahabwe serivisi.

Imishinga y'ibikorwa remezo

Imishinga myinshi y’ibikorwaremezo irimo gukorwa mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika nubwo umwaka wa 2024 urangiye, bamwe mu bacuruza amakoti mu karere batangaje ko amafaranga yinjira mu bicuruzwa mu gihembwe cya mbere, icya kabiri n’icya gatatu cy’umwaka yazamutse bitewe n’imikorere myiza y’inganda nk’inganda z’imodoka n’ishoramari ryinshi mu rwego rw’amazu.

Urugero, imwe mu nganda zikomeye zo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba, Crown Paints (Kenya) PLC yashinzwe mu 1958, yiyongereyeho 10% mu mafaranga yinjira mu gice cya mbere cy'umwaka cyarangiye ku ya 30 Kamena 2024 igera kuri miliyoni 47.6 z'amadolari y'Amerika ugereranyije na miliyoni 43 z'amadolari y'Amerika mu mwaka ushize.

Inyungu y’ikigo mbere y’umusoro yari miliyoni 1.1 z’amadolari y’Amerika ugereranyije n’amadolari y’Amerika 568.700 mu gihe cyarangiye ku ya 30 Kamena 2023, kwiyongera kwatewe n’“izamuka ry’ubwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa.”

“Inyungu muri rusange yazamuwe no kwiyongera kw’ifaranga rya Kenya ugereranije n’ifaranga rikomeye ku isi mu gihe cyarangiye ku ya 30 Kamena 2024 kandi ivunjisha ryiza ryatumye ibiciro by’ibikoresho fatizo bitumizwa mu mahanga bihora bihagaze neza,” ibi byavuzwe na Conrad Nyikuri, umunyamabanga wa Crown Paints.

Imikorere myiza ya Crown Paints igira ingaruka zikomeye ku isoko ry’ibirango bimwe na bimwe bituruka ku bakinnyi ku isoko mpuzamahanga, ibyo sosiyete ikwirakwiza muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.

Uretse ubwoko bwayo bw'amarangi y'imodoka aboneka muri Motocryl yayo ku isoko ritemewe, Crown Paints inatanga ikirango cya Duco ndetse n'ibicuruzwa bikomeye ku isi bitangwa na Nexa Autocolour (PPG) na Duxone (Axalta Coating Systems) ndetse n'ikigo gikomeye gikora imiti ivanze n'ubwubatsi, Pidilite. Hagati aho, ubwoko bw'amarangi ya Crown Silicone akorwa ku ruhushya rwa Wacker Chemie AG.

Ahandi, ikigo cy’inzobere mu gusiga peteroli, gaze n’amazi Akzo Nobel, ikigo Crown Paints gifitanye amasezerano yo gutanga ibicuruzwa, kivuga ko kugurisha muri Afurika, isoko riri mu karere k’i Burayi, mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, byiyongereyeho 2% ku bicuruzwa bikomoka ku bimera n’ibi ...

Icyerekezo nk'iki cyiza cyatangajwe na PPG Industries, ivuga ko "ibiciro by'inyubako mu buryo bw'umwimerere mu Burayi, mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati na Afurika byagabanutse umwaka ushize, ibi bikaba ari ibintu byiza nyuma y'igabanuka ry'ibice bine bya kane."

Uku kwiyongera kw'ikoreshwa ry'amarangi n'amabara muri Afurika bishobora guterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'ubukene bw'ibikorwa remezo bifitanye isano n'icyerekezo gishya cyo kwiyongera kw'ikoreshwa ry'abikorera ku giti cyabo, inganda z'imodoka zihamye muri ako karere ndetse n'iterambere ry'ubwubatsi bw'amazu mu bihugu nka Kenya, Uganda na Misiri.

Raporo ya AfDB igira iti: “Bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ubukungu bw’abaturage bo mu cyiciro cyo hagati n’ubwiyongere bw’amafaranga akoreshwa mu ngo, ikoreshwa ry’abikorera ku giti cyabo muri Afurika ritanga amahirwe akomeye yo guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo.”

Mu by’ukuri, iyi banki ibona mu myaka 10 ishize ko “ikoreshwa ry’ibiciro ku giti cy’abantu ku giti cyabo muri Afurika ryakomeje kwiyongera, bitewe n’ibintu nk’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage, iterambere ry’imijyi, n’ubukungu bw’abaturage bo hagati bugenda burushaho kwiyongera.”

Iyi banki ivuga ko amafaranga akoreshwa n’abikorera ku giti cyabo muri Afurika yavuye kuri miliyari 470 z’amadolari mu 2010 agera kuri tiriyari zirenga 1.4 z’amadolari mu 2020, bigaragaza ko habayeho kwaguka gukomeye kwatumye "haboneka ibikorwa remezo birushaho kunozwa, harimo imiyoboro y’ubwikorezi, ingufu, itumanaho, n’amazi n’isukura."

Byongeye kandi, za guverinoma zitandukanye zo mu karere zirimo guteza imbere gahunda y’imiturire ihendutse kugira ngo hagerwe ku miturire igera kuri miliyoni 50 mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cy’ibura ry’imiturire ku mugabane. Ibi bishobora gusobanura ukwiyongera kw’ikoreshwa ry’amatafari y’ubwubatsi n’imitako mu 2024, iki gikorwa cyitezwe gukomeza mu 2025 kuko irangizwa ry’imishinga myinshi ryitezwe mu gihe kiri hagati n’igihe kirekire.

Hagati aho, nubwo Afurika yiteze kwinjira mu 2025 yishimiye ko inganda z’imodoka zigenda zitera imbere, haracyari ikibazo ku isoko mpuzamahanga gifitanye isano n’ubukene bw’isi bwagabanyije umugabane w’umugabane ku isoko ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ndetse n’ihungabana rya politiki mu bihugu nka Sudani, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo (RDC) na Mozambike.

Urugero, inganda z’imodoka zo muri Ghana, zari zifite agaciro ka miliyari 4.6 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2021, ziteganijwe kugera kuri miliyari 10.64 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2027 nk’uko raporo y’ubuyobozi bwa Dawa Industrial Zone ibigaragaza, ikigo cy’inganda cyakozwe ku bushake muri Ghana kigamije kwakira inganda nyinshi zoroheje n’iziremereye mu nzego zitandukanye.

Raporo igira iti: “Iyi nzira y’iterambere igaragaza amahirwe menshi Afurika ifite nk’isoko ry’imodoka.”

“Ubwiyongere bw’ibikenewe by’imodoka muri uyu mugabane, hamwe n’ishyaka ryo kwihaza mu nganda, bifungura inzira nshya z’ishoramari, ubufatanye mu ikoranabuhanga, n’ubufatanye n’ibigo bikomeye by’imodoka ku isi,” byongeyeho.

Muri Afurika y'Epfo, Inama y'Ubucuruzi bw'Imodoka (naamsa), itsinda rishinzwe inganda z'imodoka zo muri Afurika y'Epfo, ivuga ko umusaruro w'imodoka muri icyo gihugu wiyongereyeho 13.9%, uva kuri 555.885 mu 2022 ukagera kuri 633.332 mu 2023, "urenze ubwiyongere bw'umusaruro w'imodoka ku isi bwa 10.3% mu 2023."

Gutsinda Imbogamizi

Imiterere y'ubukungu bwa Afurika muri uyu mwaka mushya yashingira ahanini ku buryo za guverinoma zo ku mugabane zikemura bimwe mu bibazo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku isoko ry'imyenda yo gusiga ku mugabane.

Urugero, intambara ikomeye y’abaturage muri Sudani ikomeje gusenya ibikorwa remezo by’ingenzi nko gutwara abantu n’ibintu, amazu yo guturamo n’ay’ubucuruzi kandi nta ituze rya politiki rihamye, imikorere n’imicungire y’umutungo by’abakora amapeti byabaye nk’ibidashoboka.

Nubwo gusenya ibikorwa remezo byatanga amahirwe y’ubucuruzi ku bakora irangi n’abatanga ibikoresho mu gihe cyo gusana, ingaruka z’intambara ku bukungu zishobora kuba mbi cyane mu gihe giciriritse kugeza mu gihe kirekire.

“Ingaruka z’amakimbirane ku bukungu bwa Sudani zisa nkaho zimbitse cyane kurusha uko byari byagenwe mbere, aho igabanuka ry’umusaruro nyawo ryiyongereyeho inshuro zirenga eshatu rigera kuri 37.5 ku ijana mu 2023, uvuye kuri 12.3 ku ijana muri Mutarama 2024,” AfDB iragira iti.

“Iyi ntambara kandi ifite ingaruka zikomeye ku kwandura, cyane cyane mu gihugu cy’abaturanyi cya Sudani y’Epfo, gishingiye cyane ku miyoboro y’amazi n’inganda zitunganya peteroli, ndetse n’ibikorwaremezo by’icyambu byo kohereza peteroli mu mahanga,” yongeraho.

AfDB ivuga ko iyi ntambara yangije cyane ubushobozi bw’inganda ndetse n’ibikorwaremezo bikomeye by’ibikoresho ndetse n’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa, ibyo bikaba byarabangamiye cyane ubucuruzi bw’amahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.

Imyenda ya Afurika ibangamiye kandi ubushobozi bwa za guverinoma zo mu karere bwo gukoresha mu gusiga irangi rinini ritwara amashami nk'ay'ubwubatsi.

Iyi banki yongeraho iti: “Mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika, ikiguzi cyo kwishyura imyenda cyariyongereye, bigabanya imari ya leta, kandi bigabanya uburyo leta ikoresha ibikorwa remezo n’ishoramari mu bushobozi bw’abakozi, ibyo bigatuma umugabane wa Afurika uhora mu nzira mbi iteje Afurika mu iterambere rike.”

Ku isoko rya Afurika y'Epfo, Sapma n'abanyamuryango bayo bagomba kwitegura gahunda y'ubukungu ikomeye kuko izamuka ry'ibiciro ry'ingufu rikabije, ibura ry'ingufu, n'ibibazo by'ibikoresho bibangamira iterambere ry'urwego rw'inganda n'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro mu gihugu.

Ariko, bitewe n’uko ubukungu bwa Afurika buteganijwe kwiyongera ndetse n’izamuka ry’ikoreshwa ry’imari n’ibikoresho bya za guverinoma zo mu karere riteganijwe, isoko ry’imitako y’umugabane rishobora no kwiyongera mu 2025 no mu yindi minsi.