Mu karere kose k’Amerika y’Epfo, izamuka ry’umusaruro rusange w’igihugu (GDP) riri hafi ku kigero cya 2%, nk’uko bivugwa na ECLAC.
Charles W. Thurston, Umunyamakuru wa Amerika y'Epfo03.31.25
Ubusabe bukomeye bwa Brezili bwo gusiga amarangi n'ibikoresho byo gusiga bwiyongereyeho 6% mu 2024, ahanini bwikubye kabiri umusaruro w'igihugu. Mu myaka yashize, inganda zakunze kwihuta kurusha GDP ku kigero kimwe cyangwa bibiri ku ijana, ariko umwaka ushize, igipimo cyihuta, nk'uko raporo iherutse gukorwa na Abrafati, Associação Brasileira dos Fabricantes de Tintas ibigaragaza.
“Isoko ry’irangi n’amabara byo muri Brezili ryarangiye mu 2024 rigurishwa cyane, rirenze ibyari byateganyijwe mu mwaka wose. Umuvuduko w’ibicuruzwa wakomeje kuba mwinshi mu mwaka wose mu bicuruzwa byose, bituma umubare wose ugera kuri litiro miliyari 1.983 - litiro miliyoni 112 zirenga umwaka ushize, zigaragaza ubwiyongere bwa 6.0% - zirenga igipimo cya 5.7% muri 2021, umwaka ufatwa nk’uwarenze uwo mu nganda,” nk’uko byatangajwe na Fabio Humberg, umuyobozi wa Abrafati de comunicação e relações institucionais, mu butumwa bwa email kuri CW.
Humberg yagize ati: “Umubare wo mu 2024 — wa litiro hafi miliyari 2 — ni wo musaruro mwiza mu mateka kandi umaze gutuma Brezili iba iya kane ku isi mu bucuruzi bunini, irusha Ubudage.”
Iterambere ry'Akarere Riri Hafi Kugabanuka
Mu karere ka Amerika y'Epfo, ukwiyongera k'umusaruro rusange w'igihugu ku kigero cya 2%, nk'uko Komisiyo y'Ubukungu y'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ishinzwe Amerika y'Epfo na Karayibe (ECLAC) ibigaragaza. “Mu 2024, ubukungu bw'akarere bwazamutseho 2.2%, naho mu 2025, ukwiyongera k'akarere ku kigero cya 2.4%,” nk'uko byatangajwe n'abasesenguzi b'ishami ry'iterambere ry'ubukungu rya ECLAC mu Isuzuma ry'ibanze ry'ubukungu bwa Amerika y'Epfo na Karayibe, ryasohotse mu mpera za 2024.
Raporo yagize iti: “Nubwo ibiteganyijwe mu 2024 na 2025 biri hejuru y’ikigereranyo cy’imyaka icumi, iterambere ry’ubukungu rizakomeza kuba hasi. Iterambere ry’umwaka ry’imyaka icumi ya 2015-2024 rihagaze kuri 1%, bigaragaza ko umusaruro rusange w’abaturage uhagaze muri icyo gihe.” Ibihugu byo mu karere bihanganye n’icyo ECLAC yise “umutego w’ubushobozi buke bwo kwiyongera.”
Izamuka ry’ubukungu mu turere ritari ringana, kandi iyi gahunda irakomeje, nk'uko ECLAC ibivuga. “Ku rwego rw’uturere, haba muri Amerika y’Epfo no mu itsinda rigizwe na Megizike na Amerika yo Hagati, igipimo cy’ubwiyongere cyaragabanutse ugereranije n’igice cya kabiri cya 2022. Muri Amerika y’Epfo, igabanuka ry’ubukungu rirushaho kwiyongera iyo Brezili itarashyizwemo, kuko icyo gihugu kizamura igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’ubukungu mu turere duto bitewe n’ingano yacyo n’imikorere yacyo myiza; ukwiyongera gushingiye cyane ku ikoreshwa ry’umutungo ku giti cyacyo,” nk’uko raporo ibivuga.
Raporo iragira iti: “Iyi mikorere idahwitse igaragaza ko mu gihe giciriritse, uruhare rw’ubukungu bwa Amerika y’Epfo na Karayibe mu iterambere ry’isi, rugaragazwa mu ijanisha, ruzaba hafi kimwe cya kabiri.”
Amakuru n'imiterere y'ibihugu by'ingenzi muri Amerika y'Epfo birakurikiraho.
Burezili
Ukwiyongera gukabije kw'ikoreshwa ry'irangi n'amabara muri Brezili mu 2024 kwashyigikiwe n'izamuka ry'ubukungu rusange rya 3.2% mu gihugu. Iteganyagihe ry'umusaruro rusange w'igihugu mu 2025 riragenda buhoro, kuri 2.3%, nk'uko biteganywa na ECLAC. Iteganyagihe rya Banki y'Isi risa no muri Brezili.
Ukurikije urwego rw’inganda zikora amarangi, umusaruro wa Brezili wari ukomeye mu nzego zose, uyobowe n’urwego rw’imodoka. Abrafati yagize ati: “Habayeho iterambere mu bicuruzwa byose bivuye mu nganda zikora amarangi n’amabara [mu 2024], cyane cyane mu mabara ya OEM y’imodoka, byaje nyuma y’ubwiyongere bukomeye bw’ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe.”
Igurishwa ry’imodoka nshya muri Brezili ririmo bisi n’amakamyo ryazamutseho 14% mu 2024 rigera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu myaka 10 ishize, nk’uko bitangazwa n’ishyirahamwe ry’imodoka zo mu bwoko bwa Associacao Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veiculos Automotores (Anfavea). Igurishwa ry’imodoka mu mwaka wose ryageze kuri miliyoni 2.63 mu 2024, bisubiza igihugu ku mwanya wa munani ku isi mu masoko menshi, nk’uko bitangazwa n’umuryango. (Reba CW 1/24/25).
“Imyambaro yo kuvugurura imodoka yanatumye ibicuruzwa byiyongera ku kigero cya 3.6%, bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’igurishwa ry’imodoka nshya – ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku kugurisha imodoka zakoreshejwe no ku mafaranga yakoreshejwe mu gusana mu gihe hategerejwe ko izo modoka zigurishwa – ndetse n’icyizere cy’abaguzi kiri hejuru,” Abrafati yabitangaje.
Amarangi yo gushushanya yakomeje kugaragaza imikorere myiza, afite ingano ya miliyari 1.490 (yazamutseho 5.9% ugereranyije n'umwaka ushize), nk'uko Abrafati yabitangaje. “Imwe mu mpamvu zituma amarangi yo gushushanya akora neza ni ugushimangira icyerekezo cy’abantu bita ku ngo zabo, kugira ngo babe ahantu ho kwisanzura, guhungirwa no kubaho neza, habayeho kuva icyorezo cyatangira.”
“Ikindi cyiyongera kuri iyo ngeso ni ukwiyongera kw’icyizere cy’abaguzi, kuko abaguzi bumva ko bafite akazi gakomeye n’umutekano w’amafaranga, ari nabyo by’ingenzi bituma bafata icyemezo cyo gukoresha amafaranga menshi ku mitungo yabo,” nk’uko byasobanuwe na perezida mukuru wa Abrafati, Luiz Cornacchioni.
Amarangi y’inganda nayo yagaragaje iterambere rikomeye, ryatewe inkunga na gahunda za leta z’iterambere zatangiye mu mpera za 2023 ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
“Ikindi kintu cy’ingenzi cyabaye mu 2024 ni uko irangi ry’inganda ryazamutseho ubwinshi bwaryo, ryiyongereyeho ingano irenga 6.3% ugereranyije na 2023. Ibyiciro byose by’irangi ry’inganda byagaragaje iterambere rikomeye, cyane cyane bitewe n’igurishwa rikomeye ry’ibikoresho biramba n’iterambere mu mishinga y’ibikorwa remezo (byatewe n’ibintu nk’umwaka w’amatora n’amasezerano yahawe abikorera),” Abrafati yavuze.
Ibikorwa remezo ni ingenzi cyane muri gahunda ya leta yo kwihutisha iterambere rishya (Novo PAC), gahunda y’ishoramari rya miliyari 347 z’amadolari igamije ibikorwa remezo, iterambere, n’imishinga yo kubungabunga ibidukikije, igamije guteza imbere uturere twose tw’igihugu ku buryo bungana (Reba CW 11/12/24).
Urubuga rwa interineti rwa perezida rugira ruti: “Novo PAC ikubiyemo ubufatanye bukomeye hagati ya guverinoma y’igihugu n’abikorera ku giti cyabo, leta, imijyi, n’imiryango iharanira imibereho myiza y’abaturage mu bikorwa bihuriweho kandi byiyemeje bigamije impinduka mu bidukikije, iterambere ry’inganda nshya, iterambere hamwe no gushyira mu bikorwa imibereho myiza y’abaturage, no kubungabunga ibidukikije.”
Dunn na Bradstreet bavuga ko abakinnyi bakomeye ku isoko ry’irangi, irangi n’amakofi (NAICS CODES: 3255) barimo aba batanu:
• Oswaldo Crus Quimica Industria e Comercio, ifite icyicaro i Guarulhos, muri leta ya Sao Paulo, igurishwa buri mwaka miliyoni 271.85.
• Henkel, ifite icyicaro i Itapevi, muri leta ya Sao Paulo, yagurishije miliyoni 140.69 z'amadolari.
• Kwica S / A Tintas e Adesivos, ifite icyicaro i Novo Hamburgo, muri leta ya Rio Grande Do Sul, yagurishijwe miliyoni 129.14.
• Renner Sayerlack, ufite icyicaro i Sao Paulo, yagurishije miliyoni 111.3 z'amadolari.
• Sherwin-Williams do Brasil Industria e Comercio, ifite icyicaro i Taboao Da Serra, muri leta ya Sao Paulo, yagurishijwe miliyoni 93.19.
Arijantine
Argentine, ituranye na Brezili mu bihugu bya Southern Cone, yiteguye kugaruka ku izamuka rikomeye rya 4.3% uyu mwaka nyuma y’igabanuka rya 3.2% mu 2024, ahanini bitewe n’ubuyobozi bukabije bw’ubukungu bwa Perezida Javier Milei. Iki gipimo cy’umusaruro rusange cyatanzwe na ECLAC ntabwo gitanga icyizere kinini ugereranyije n’igitekerezo cy’Ikigega Mpuzamahanga cy’Imari cy’uko Argentine iziyongeraho 5% mu 2025.
Igihe cyo kongera gukura kw'amazu muri Argentine cyitezweho kongera umubare w'abashaka amarangi n'amatafari y'inyubako (Reba CW 23/9/24Impinduka imwe y'ingenzi muri Argentine ni uguhagarika kongera ubukode no kugenzura igihe cy'ubukode ku isoko ry'amazu atimukanwa. Muri Kanama 2024, Milei yahagaritse Itegeko ry'Ubukode ryo mu 2020 ryashyizweho n'uwahoze ari
ubuyobozi bw'abayoboke b'ibumoso.
Kuvugurura amazu yagarutse ku isoko ryagutse bishobora kuzamura agaciro k’inyubako kugeza ku gaciro ka miliyoni 650 z’amadolari mu mpera za 2027 nyuma yo kwiyongera ku gipimo cy’izamuka ry’ubukungu ku mwaka (CAGR) kingana na 4.5% mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu hagati ya 2022 na 2027, nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na IndustryARC bubigaragaza.
Amasosiyete akomeye yo gusiga amarangi no gusiga amarangi muri Argentine, nk'uko D&B ibivuga, arimo:
• Akzo Nobel Arijantine, ifite icyicaro i Garín, intara ya Buenos Aires, ibicuruzwa bitaramenyekana.
• Ferrum SA de Ceramica y Metalurgia, ifite icyicaro i Avellaneda, Buenos Aires, igurishwa miliyoni 116.06 z'amadolari ku mwaka.
• Chemotecnica, ifite icyicaro i Carlos Spegazzini, Buenos Aires, ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe ntibiratangazwa.
• Mapei Arijantine, ifite icyicaro i Escobar, Buenos Aires, ibicuruzwa bitamenyekanye.
• Akapol, ifite icyicaro i Villa Ballester, Buenos Aires, ibicuruzwa bitamenyekanye.
Kolombiya
Iterambere ryo kuzamuka muri Kolombiya riteganijwe mu 2025 ku kigero cya 2.6% ugereranije na 1.8% muri 2024, nk'uko ECLAC ibivuga. Ibi bizaba ari byiza cyane cyane ku
igice cy'ubwubatsi.
“Ubusabe bw’imbere mu gihugu buzaba ari bwo buzatuma habaho iterambere mu myaka ibiri iri imbere. Ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa, ryagaragaye ko rizazamuka gato mu 2024, rizazamuka cyane mu 2025 bitewe n’inyungu nke n’amafaranga nyayo ari menshi,” nk’uko byanditse mu isesengura rya BBVA mu cyerekezo cy’igihugu cyo muri Werurwe 2025.
Iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo, ritangiye gutera imbere, rizatuma icyifuzo cy’inganda zikora amabara atandukanye. Imishinga minini, nk’ikibuga cy’indege gishya cya Cartegena, iteganijwe gutangira kubakwa mu gice cya mbere cya 2025.
“Gushyira imbaraga muri guverinoma ku bikorwa remezo, birimo ubwikorezi, ingufu n’ibikorwa remezo by’imibereho myiza y’abaturage (amashuri n’ibitaro), bizakomeza kuba inkingi ikomeye y’ingamba z’ubukungu. Imishinga ikomeye irimo kwagura imihanda, sisitemu za metro no kuvugurura icyambu,” nk’uko bivugwa n’abasesenguzi bo muri Gleeds.
“Urwego rw’imirimo ya leta rwakomeje gutungurwa no kwiyongeraho 13.9% mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2024 mu gihembwe cyarwo cyahinduwe mu bihembwe, nyuma y’igihembwe bitanu bikurikirana cyo kugabanuka. Ariko, ruracyari uru rwego ruri inyuma cyane mu bukungu bwose, ruri munsi ya 36% mbere y’icyorezo,” nk’uko abasesenguzi ba Gleeds bongeraho.
Abakinnyi bakomeye ku isoko nkuko byashyizwe ku rutonde na D&B ni aba bakurikira:
• Compania Global de Pinturas, ifite icyicaro i Medellin, mu ishami rya Antioquia, ifite miliyoni 219.33 z'amadolari ya Amerika ku mwaka.
• Invesa, ifite icyicaro i Envigado, muri Antioquia, yagurishije miliyoni 117.62 z'amadolari.
• Coloquimica, ifite icyicaro i La Estrella, muri Antiyokiya, yagurishijwe miliyoni 68.16 z'amadolari.
• Sun Chemical Colombia, ifite icyicaro i Medellin, Antioquia. ifite miliyoni 62.97 z'amadolari ya Amerika.
• PPG Industries muri Kolombiya, ifite icyicaro i Itagui, muri Antioquia, ifite miliyoni 55.02 z'amadolari ya Amerika mu kugurisha.
Paraguay
Mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo byitezweho kwiyongera vuba harimo Paraguay, biteganijwe ko izagura umusaruro wayo ku kigero cya 4.2% uyu mwaka, nyuma y'izamuka rya 3.9% umwaka ushize, nk'uko ECLAC ibitangaza.
“Umusaruro rusange muri Paraguay uteganijwe kuba miliyari 45 z'amadolari mu mpera za 2024 mu bijyanye n'ibiciro biriho muri GDP. Turebye mu 2025, ibiteganyijwe bigaragaza ko umusaruro rusange wa Paraguay mu 2025 ushobora kuba miliyari 46.3 z'amadolari. Ubukungu bwa Paraguay bwazamutse ku kigero cy'izamuka ry'ubukungu rya 6.1% mu myaka ine ishize kandi buri ku mwanya wa 15 mu bukungu bunini muri Amerika, imbere ya Uruguay,” nk'uko bivugwa n'itsinda ry'abahanga mu by'ubukungu rya World Economics, i Londres.
Inganda nto zikomeje kuba igice kinini cy’ubukungu bwa Paraguay. “BCP [Banki Nkuru ya Paraguay] ivuga ko [2025] izaba nziza ku nganda muri Paraguay, hibandwa ku rwego rwa maquila (guteranya no kurangiza ibicuruzwa). Icyerekezo cy’inganda muri rusange ni ukwiyongera kwa 5%” nk’uko byatangajwe na H2Foz, mu Kuboza 2024.
Ishoramari mu bikorwa remezo rizafasha cyane inganda muri Paraguay.
“Ikigega cya OPEC gishinzwe iterambere mpuzamahanga (muri Mutarama) cyatangaje ko gitanga inguzanyo ya miliyoni 50 z'amadolari kuri Paraguay yo gushyigikira gusana, kuvugurura no kubungabunga Umuhanda w'Igihugu PY22 n'imihanda yo mu majyaruguru ya Paraguay ya Concepción. Cyafatanyije n'inguzanyo ya miliyoni 135 z'amadolari ya CAF (Banki y'Iterambere ya Amerika y'Epfo na Karayibe),” nk'uko byatangajwe n'Ubukungu bwo Hagati.
Raporo y’Ubunyamabanga bw’Ubukerarugendo bwa Paraguay (Senatur) ivuga ko imihanda n’amahoteli mashya bizafasha Paraguay kwagura urwego rw’ubukerarugendo, rurimo gukura vuba, aho abashyitsi barenga miliyoni 2.2 basura ikigo. “Amakuru yakusanyijwe ku bufatanye n’Ubuyobozi bw’Abimukira, agaragaza ko umubare w’abashyitsi binjira muri icyo gihugu wiyongereyeho 22% ugereranije no mu 2023,” nk’uko bivugwa na Resumen de Noticias (RSN).
Karayibe
Nk’akarere gato, Karayibe biteganijwe ko izazamukaho 11% uyu mwaka, ugereranije na 5.7% mu 2024, nk’uko bivugwa na ECLAC (Reba imbonerahamwe y’ibipimo bya ECLAC GDP). Mu bihugu 14 bifatwa nk’ibigize aka karere, Guyana ifite ubwiyongere budasanzwe bwa 41.5% uyu mwaka, ugereranije na 13.6% mu 2024, bitewe n’inganda zikora peteroli zo mu mazi zirimo kwiyongera cyane.
Banki y'Isi ivuga ko umutungo wa peteroli na gaze muri Guyana “ugera kuri miliyari 11.2 z'ibigega bingana na peteroli, harimo n'ibigega bya gaze karemano bingana na tiriyari 17.” Ibigo byinshi mpuzamahanga bicuruza peteroli bikomeje gushora imari nini, byatumye mu 2022 hatangira kwihutisha umusaruro wa peteroli mu gihugu.
Inyungu zizavamo zizafasha mu kongera gukenera irangi n'amabara. “Nubwo, mu mateka, umusaruro rusange wa Guyana kuri buri muturage wari mu nkengero nto cyane muri Amerika y'Epfo, iterambere ry'ubukungu ridasanzwe kuva mu 2020, ku mpuzandengo ya 42.3% mu myaka itatu ishize, ryatumye umusaruro rusange wa buri muturage urenga $18,199 mu 2022, uvuye ku $6,477 mu 2019,” Isi
Raporo za banki.
Nk’uko ishakisha rya Google AI ribigaragaza, abahanga mu gusiga amarangi no gusiga amarangi mu karere kabo ni aba:
• Abakinnyi bo mu karere: Lanco Paints & Coatings, Berger, Harris, Lee Wind, Penta, na Royal.
• Amasosiyete mpuzamahanga: PPG, Sherwin-Williams, Axalta, Benjamin Moore na Comex.
• Andi masosiyete azwi cyane arimo RM Lucas Co. na Caribbean Paint Factory Aruba.
Venezuwela
Venezuela imaze imyaka myinshi irusha ibihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo ubutunzi bwa peteroli na gaze, ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Nicolás Maduro. ECLAC iteganya ko ubukungu buzazamukaho 6.2% muri uyu mwaka, ugereranyije na 3.1% muri 2024.
Guverinoma ya Trump ishobora kuba irimo gutinyuka icyo gipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’ubukungu, itangazo ryo mu mpera za Werurwe rivuga ko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zizashyiraho umusoro wa 25% ku gihugu icyo ari cyo cyose gitumiza peteroli yo muri Venezuwela, ingana na 90% by’ubukungu bw’igihugu.
Itangazo ry’umusoro ryaje nyuma y’ihagarikwa ry’uruhushya rwa Chevron rwo gushakisha no gukora peteroli mu gihugu ku ya 4 Werurwe. Caracas Chronicles igira iti: “Niba iyi ngamba igezwa no ku zindi sosiyete – harimo Repsol yo muri Esipanye, Eni yo mu Butaliyani, na Maurel & Prom yo mu Bufaransa – ubukungu bwa Venezuwela bushobora guhura n’igabanuka rikomeye ry’umusaruro wa peteroli, igabanuka ry’ikwirakwizwa rya lisansi, isoko ry’ivunjisha rike, igabanuka ry’agaciro k’ibiciro, izamuka ry’ibiciro ndetse n’izamuka ry’ibiciro.”
Iki kigo cy’itangazamakuru kivuga ku mpinduka iherutse guterwa na Ecoanalítica, “iteganya ko umusaruro w’igihugu uzagabanukaho 2% kugeza kuri 3% mu mpera za 2025, hamwe n’igabanuka rya 20% mu rwego rwa peteroli.” Abasesenguzi barakomeza bati: “Ibimenyetso byose bigaragaza ko 2025 izaba ikomeye kurusha uko byari byitezwe mbere, hamwe n’igabanuka rikomeye ry’umusaruro mu gihe gito n’igabanuka ry’amafaranga yinjira muri peteroli.”
Mu bihugu bya mbere bitumiza peteroli muri Venezuwela harimo Ubushinwa, mu 2023 bwaguze 68% by'amavuta yoherezwa mu mahanga na Venezuwela, nk'uko byagaragajwe n'isesengura ryakozwe mu 2024 n'ikigo gishinzwe gutanga amakuru ku ngufu cya Amerika, nk'uko EuroNews ibitangaza. “Espagne, Ubuhinde, Uburusiya, Singapuru na Vietnam nabyo biri mu bihugu byakira peteroli muri Venezuwela, nk'uko raporo ibivuga,” ibi ni ibyatangajwe n'ikigo cy'itangazamakuru.
“Ariko na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika – nubwo yafatiye Venezuwela ibihano – igura peteroli muri icyo gihugu. Muri Mutarama, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zatumije peteroli miliyoni 8.6 muri Venezuwela, nk’uko Ikigo gishinzwe Ibarura cyabitangaje, muri peteroli miliyoni 202 zatumijwe muri uko kwezi,” EuroNews yabigaragaje.
Mu gihugu imbere, ubukungu buracyari kwibanda ku kunoza imiturire, ibi bikaba bigomba kongera ikiguzi cy’amarangi n’amatafari yo kubaka. Muri Gicurasi 2024, guverinoma ya Venezuela yizihije isabukuru y’imyaka 13 ya gahunda yayo ya Great Housing Mission (GMVV), yizihiza inzu ya miliyoni 4.9 yahawe imiryango y’abakozi, nk’uko Venezuelanalysis ibitangaza. Iyi gahunda ifite intego yo kubaka amazu miliyoni 7 bitarenze 2030.
Nubwo abashoramari bo mu Burengerazuba bw'Isi bashobora gutinya kongera ibikorwa byabo muri Venezuwela, amabanki menshi arimo gushyigikira imishinga y'ibikorwa remezo, harimo na banki y'iterambere ya Amerika y'Epfo na Karayibe (CAF).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-08-2025
