byanditswe na Michael Kelly, Allied PhotoChemical, na David Hagood, Finishing Technology Solutions
Tekereza ushobora gukuraho hafi ya VOC zose (Volatile Organic Compounds) mu gikorwa cyo gukora imiyoboro n'imiyoboro, bingana na pounds 10.000 za VOC ku mwaka. Tekereza kandi gukora ku muvuduko wihuta hamwe n'umusaruro mwinshi kandi igiciro gito kuri buri gice / umurongo.
Uburyo burambye bwo gukora ibintu ni ingenzi mu gutuma ibintu birushaho kuba byiza kandi binoze ku isoko rya Amerika y'Amajyaruguru. Uburambe bushobora gupimwa mu buryo butandukanye:
Kugabanya VOC
Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nke
Abakozi bagezweho
Umusaruro wihuse mu nganda (winshi ukoresheje bike)
Imikoreshereze myiza y'imari shingiro
Byongeye kandi, uruvange rwinshi rw'ibivuzwe haruguru
Vuba aha, uruganda rukora imiyoboro ikomeye rwashyize mu bikorwa ingamba nshya zo gusiga amarangi. Imbuga za kera zo gusiga amarangi zari zishingiye ku mazi, zifite VOC nyinshi kandi zishobora gushya. Urubuga rwo gusiga amarangi rurambye rwashyizweho ni ikoranabuhanga rya ultraviolet (UV) rikora amarangi ku 100%. Muri iyi nkuru, ikibazo cya mbere cy'umukiriya, inzira yo gusiga amarangi ku zuba, kunoza imikorere muri rusange, kuzigama ikiguzi no kugabanya VOC biravugwa muri make.
Ibikorwa byo gusiga irangi mu gukora imiyoboro y'amazi
Uruganda rwakoresheje uburyo bwo gusiga irangi rishingiye ku mazi bwasize akajagari, nk'uko bigaragara ku mashusho ya 1a na 1b. Ntabwo uburyo bwo gusiga irangi bwatumye ibikoresho byo gusiga irangi bipfa ubusa gusa, ahubwo bwanateje akaga ko mu iduka ry’ibikoresho byo gusiga irangi byiyongera ku buryo VOC yakwirakwiraga n’inkongi y’umuriro. Byongeye kandi, umukiriya yashakaga ko imikorere yo gusiga irangi irushaho kuba myiza ugereranije n’imikorere yo gusiga irangi rishingiye ku mazi iriho ubu.
Nubwo impuguke nyinshi mu nganda zigereranya irangi rishingiye ku mazi n'irangi rya UV, iyi si igereranya rifatika kandi rishobora kuyobya. Irangi rya UV nyaryo ni igice cy'inzira yo gusiga UV.
Igishushanyo cya 1. Uburyo bwo kwitabira umushinga
UV ni inzira
UV ni inzira itanga inyungu zikomeye ku bidukikije, kunoza imikorere muri rusange, kunoza imikorere y'ibicuruzwa, ndetse no kuzigama ubwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa kuri buri murongo. Kugira ngo umushinga wo gusiga UV ushyirwe mu bikorwa neza, UV igomba gufatwa nk'inzira ifite ibice bitatu by'ingenzi - 1) umukiriya, 2) integrator y'ibikoresho byo gukoresha UV no kuvura na 3) umufatanyabikorwa mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga.
Ibi uko ari bitatu ni ingenzi mu igenamigambi no gushyira mu bikorwa sisitemu yo gusiga UV. Rero, reka turebe inzira rusange yo gushyira mu bikorwa umushinga (Ishusho ya 1). Akenshi, iki gikorwa kiyobowe n'umufatanyabikorwa mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga UV.
Icy'ingenzi kugira ngo umushinga uwo ari wo wose ugire icyo ugeraho ni ukugira intambwe zisobanutse neza zo gushyikirana, hamwe n'uburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza abakiriya n'uburyo bakoresha. Izi ntambwe zirindwi zo gushyikirana ni ishingiro ry'uburyo umushinga uzagirana n'umukiriya neza: 1) ikiganiro rusange ku bijyanye n'ibikorwa; 2) ikiganiro ku nyungu; 3) ibisobanuro ku bicuruzwa; 4) ibisobanuro rusange ku bijyanye n'ibikorwa; 5) ingero z'igerageza; 6) ibisobanuro rusange ku mishinga; na 7) itumanaho rikomeza.
Izi ntambwe zo kwiyandikisha zishobora gukurikiranwa zikurikiranye, zimwe zishobora kubaho icyarimwe cyangwa zishobora guhindurwa, ariko zose zigomba kurangira. Ubu buryo bworoshye bwo kwiyandikisha butanga amahirwe menshi yo gutsinda ku bitabiriye. Hari igihe byaba byiza ukoresheje inzobere mu gutunganya UV nk'isoko ifite uburambe bw'ingirakamaro mu nganda mu buryo bwose bwo gusiga irangi, ariko icy'ingenzi ni uburambe bukomeye mu gutunganya UV. Iyi mpuguke ishobora gusuzuma ibibazo byose no gukora nk'isoko idashingiye ku ruhande kugira ngo isuzume neza kandi mu buryo buboneye ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga irangi.
Icyiciro cya 1. Ibiganiro muri rusange ku ikorwa ry'ibikorwa
Aha niho amakuru y'ibanze ahererekanwa ku bijyanye n'imikorere y'umukiriya muri iki gihe, hagasobanurwa neza imiterere y'ibikorwa n'ibibi / ibyiza. Akenshi, hagomba kubaho amasezerano yo kudatangaza amakuru (NDA). Hanyuma, intego zo kunoza imikorere zigomba kumenyekana neza. Izi zishobora kuba zirimo:
Kuramba – Kugabanya VOC
Kugabanya abakozi no kunoza imikorere yabo
Ubwiza burushijeho kuba bwiza
Kongera umuvuduko w'umurongo
Kugabanya umwanya wo hasi
Isuzuma ry'ibiciro by'ingufu
Uburyo bwo kubungabunga sisitemu yo gusiga - ibice bisimbura ibindi, nibindi.
Hanyuma, ibipimo byihariye bigenwa hashingiwe kuri izi ntambwe zagaragajwe zo kunoza ibikorwa.
Icyiciro cya 2. Ikiganiro ku nyungu ku ishoramari (ROI)
Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa inyungu y'umushinga mu ntangiriro. Nubwo urwego rw'ibisobanuro rudakenewe kuba urwego ruzakenerwa kugira ngo umushinga wemezwe, umukiriya agomba kuba afite ibiciro bisobanutse neza. Ibi bigomba kuba birimo ikiguzi kuri buri gicuruzwa, kuri buri gice cy'umurongo, nibindi; ikiguzi cy'ingufu; ikiguzi cy'umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge (IP); ikiguzi cy'ubwiza; ikiguzi cy'umukoresha / kubungabunga; ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibidukikije; n'ikiguzi cy'imari. (Kugira ngo ubone ibyuma bipima inyungu y'umushinga, reba ku musozo w'iyi nkuru.)
Icyiciro cya 3. Ikiganiro ku bipimo by'ibicuruzwa
Nkuko bigenda kuri buri gicuruzwa cyakozwe muri iki gihe, ibisobanuro by'ibanze by'ibicuruzwa bisobanurwa mu biganiro bya mbere by'umushinga. Ku bijyanye no gukoresha irangi, ibi bisobanuro by'ibicuruzwa byagiye bihinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita kugira ngo bihuze n'ibyo umukiriya akeneye mu gukora irangi kandi akenshi ntibihuzwa n'uburyo umukiriya akoresha irangi. Tubyita "uyu munsi ugereranije n'ejo." Ni igikorwa cyo kuringaniza hagati yo gusobanukirwa ibipimo by'ibicuruzwa biriho ubu (bishobora kuba bitahujwe n'irangi ririho ubu) no gusobanura ibikenewe mu gihe kizaza bifatika (bihora ari igikorwa cyo kuringaniza).
Icyiciro cya 4. Ibisobanuro rusange by'Inzira
Ishusho ya 2. Iterambere ry'imikorere riboneka iyo uvuye mu nzira yo gusiga irangi rishingiye ku mazi ujya mu nzira yo gusiga irangi rya UV
Umukiriya agomba gusobanukirwa neza kandi agasobanura inzira iriho ubu, hamwe n'ibyiza n'ibibi by'imikorere isanzweho. Ibi ni ingenzi ko igikoresho gihuza sisitemu za UV gisobanukirwa, bityo ibintu bigenda neza n'ibitagenda neza bishobora kwitabwaho mu gushushanya sisitemu nshya ya UV. Aha niho inzira ya UV itanga ibyiza bikomeye birimo kwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'ipamba, kugabanuka k'ibisabwa mu mwanya wo hasi, no kugabanya ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe (reba Ishusho ya 2). Gusura uruganda rw'umukiriya bigirwa inama cyane kandi bitanga urwego rwiza rwo gusobanukirwa ibyo umukiriya akeneye n'ibyo akeneye.
Icyiciro cya 5. Imyigaragambyo n'Igeragezwa
Ikigo gitanga amabara agomba gusurwa n'umukiriya hamwe n'ikigo gihuza sisitemu za UV kugira ngo buri wese agire uruhare mu kwigana uburyo umukiriya akoresha amabara ya UV. Muri iki gihe, ibitekerezo n'ibitekerezo bishya byinshi bizagaragara uko ibikorwa bikurikira bikomeza kuba:
Gupima, ingero n'ibizamini
Ikigereranyo cyo kugerageza ibicuruzwa bihangana byo gusiga
Suzuma uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha
Suzuma uburyo bwo kwemeza ubuziranenge
Hurira n'ibikoresho bihuza UV
Tegura gahunda y'ibikorwa irambuye mu gihe kizaza
Icyiciro cya 6. Ibisobanuro by'umushinga rusange wa RFQ / Imiterere y'umushinga muri rusange
Inyandiko y'umukiriya ya RFQ igomba kuba irimo amakuru yose ajyanye n'imikorere mishya yo gusiga UV nkuko byasobanuwe mu biganiro by'iyi nyandiko. Inyandiko igomba kuba irimo uburyo bwiza bwagaragajwe n'ikigo gishinzwe ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga UV, bushobora kuba bukubiyemo gushyushya igitambaro hakoreshejwe sisitemu y'ubushyuhe ifunze amazi kugeza ku mutwe w'imbunda; gushyushya no guteranya ibikoresho; n'ibipimo byo gupima ikoreshwa ry'igitambaro.
Icyiciro cya 7. Itumanaho rihoraho
Uburyo bwo gutumanaho hagati y'abakiriya, ikigo gihuza UV n'ikigo gitanga irangi rya UV ni ingenzi cyane kandi bukwiye gushishikarizwa. Ikoranabuhanga muri iki gihe rituma byoroha cyane gutegura no kwitabira ibiganiro bisanzwe bya Zoom / conference. Nta gitangaza cyagombye kubaho iyo ibikoresho cyangwa sisitemu ya UV irimo gushyirwaho.
Ibisubizo byabonetse n'Uruganda rukora imiyoboro
Ingingo y'ingenzi igomba kwitabwaho mu mushinga uwo ari wo wose wo gusiga irangi rya UV ni ukugabanya ikiguzi muri rusange. Muri iki gihe, uruganda rwazigamye mu bice bitandukanye, harimo ikiguzi cy'ingufu, ikiguzi cy'abakozi n'ikiguzi cyo gusiga irangi.
Ikiguzi cy'ingufu - UV ikoreshwa na mikoroonde ugereranije n'ubushyuhe bwa induction
Mu buryo busanzwe bwo gusiga irangi rishingiye ku mazi, hakenewe gushyushya umuyoboro mbere cyangwa nyuma yo gushyushya. Ibishyushya bikoresha amazi birahenze, bikoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi bishobora kugira ibibazo bikomeye byo kubungabunga. Byongeye kandi, umuti ukoresha amazi wasabaga ikoreshwa ry'ingufu za 200 kw ugereranije na 90 kw zikoreshwa n'amatara ya UV ya mikoroonde.
Imbonerahamwe ya 1. Kugabanya ikiguzi kirenze 100 kw / isaha hakoreshejwe sisitemu ya UV ya mikoroonde y'amatara 10 ugereranije na sisitemu yo gushyushya induction
Nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 1, uruganda rukora imiyoboro rwabonye ko rwazigamye amafaranga arenga kw 100 ku isaha nyuma yo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga UV, ndetse runagabanya ikiguzi cy'ingufu ho arenga $71.000 ku mwaka.
Ishusho ya 3. Ishusho yerekana kuzigama amafaranga y'amashanyarazi buri mwaka
Kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu byagabanijwe byagenwe hashingiwe ku giciro cy’amashanyarazi cyagereranyijwe kuri senti 14.33/kWh. Kugabanuka kw’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu kwa 100 kw/isaha, byabazwe mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 50 mu mwaka (iminsi itanu mu cyumweru, amasaha 20 kuri buri gihembwe), byatumye habaho kuzigama $71.650 nk’uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 3.
Kugabanya Ikiguzi cy'Umurimo - Abakoresha n'Imicungire
Mu gihe ibigo by’inganda bikomeje gusuzuma ikiguzi cy’akazi kabyo, inzira ya UV itanga uburyo bwihariye bwo kuzigama amasaha y’abakozi n’ay’abashinzwe kubungabunga. Hamwe n’imyambaro ishingiye ku mazi, irangi ritose rishobora gukomera ku bikoresho bikoreshwa mu gutunganya ibikoresho, amaherezo bikaba bigomba gukurwaho.
Abakora mu nganda bakoresha amasaha 28 mu cyumweru bakuraho/basukura irangi ry’amazi mu bikoresho byaryo byo mu mazi.
Uretse kuzigama amafaranga (amasaha 28 y'akazi x $36 [ikiguzi cy'umutwaro] ku isaha = $1,008.00 ku cyumweru cyangwa $50,400 ku mwaka), ibisabwa ku kazi k'ingufu ku bakora bishobora kuba bibabaza, bigatwara igihe kandi bikaba biteje akaga.
Umukiriya yagennye isuku y’amabara kuri buri gihembwe, ikiguzi cy’abakozi kingana na $1,900 kuri buri gihembwe, hamwe n’ikiguzi cyo gukuraho amabara cyakoreshejwe, kingana na $2,500. Amafaranga yose yazigamwe ku mwaka yanganaga na $10,000.
Kuzigama irangi - Ishingiye ku mazi ugereranyije na UV
Umusaruro w'imiyoboro aho abakiriya bakoreraga wari toni 12.000 ku kwezi z'umuyoboro wa santimetero 9.625. Muri make, ibi bingana na metero 570.000 z'umurongo / ~ ibice 12.700. Uburyo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo gusiga UV bwari bukubiyemo imbunda zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi/umuvuduko muto zifite ubugari busanzwe bwa mililitiro 1.5. Gutunganya byakozwe hakoreshejwe amatara ya mikorobe ya Heraeus UV. Kuzigama amafaranga yo gusiga n'amafaranga yo gutwara/gukoresha imbere bikubiye mu mbonerahamwe ya 2 na 3.
Imbonerahamwe ya 2. Igereranya ry'ibiciro byo gusiga - UV vs. gusiga bishingiye ku mazi kuri buri futi igororotse
Imbonerahamwe ya 3. Inyongera ku mafaranga y'ubwikorezi yinjizwa make n'ibikoresho bigabanuka aho byakorewe
Byongeye kandi, hashobora kuboneka uburyo bwo kuzigama ibikoresho n'abakozi ndetse no gukora neza.
Imitako y'imirasire ya UV irashobora kongera gukoreshwa (imitako y'amazi ntabwo ikoreshwa), bigatuma nibura 96% by'imikorere myiza.
Abakoresha bamara igihe gito bakora isuku no kubungabunga ibikoresho byo gukoresha kuko irangi rya UV ritaruma keretse rishyizwemo ingufu nyinshi za UV.
Umuvuduko w'umusaruro urihuta, kandi umukiriya afite ubushobozi bwo kongera umuvuduko w'umusaruro kuva kuri metero 100 ku munota ukagera kuri metero 150 ku munota - ukwiyongera kwa 50%.
Ibikoresho bitunganya UV ubusanzwe bigira uburyo bwo gusukura amazi, bukurikiranwa kandi bugashyirwa ku murongo hakurikijwe amasaha yo gukora. Ibi bishobora guhindurwa bitewe n'ibyo umukiriya akeneye, bigatuma abakozi bake bakenerwa mu gusukura sisitemu.
Muri uru rugero, umukiriya yamenye ko azigama amafaranga agera kuri $1,277,400 ku mwaka.
Kugabanya VOC
Gushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga UV nabyo byagabanyije VOC, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 4.
Ishusho ya 4. Kugabanuka kwa VOC bitewe no gushyira mu bikorwa irangi rya UV
Umwanzuro
Ikoranabuhanga rya UV coatings ryemerera abakora imiyoboro gukuraho VOC mu bikorwa byabo byo gusiga, ndetse banatanga inzira irambye yo gukora ibintu ikongera umusaruro n'imikorere rusange y'ibicuruzwa. Sisitemu za UV coatings nazo zigabanya amafaranga menshi. Nk'uko byasobanuwe muri iyi nkuru, amafaranga yose umukiriya yizigamye yarenze $1.200.000 buri mwaka, hamwe no gukuraho ibiro birenga 154.000 by'imyuka ya VOC.
Kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye no kubona ibyuma bipima ubukungu (ROI calculators), sura www.alliedphotochemical.com/roi-calculators/. Kugira ngo ubone izindi ntambwe zo kunoza imikorere n'urugero rwa calculator ya ROI, sura www.uvebtechnology.com.
UMWANYA WO KU RUHANDE
Uburyo bwo gusiga UV mu bidukikije burambye / Ibyiza ku bidukikije:
Nta bintu by’umwimerere bihindagurika (VOCs)
Nta bintu bihumanya ikirere (HAPs)
Ntibishobora gushya
Nta bintu bishongesha, amazi cyangwa ibintu byuzuza
Nta kibazo cy'ubushuhe cyangwa ubushyuhe
Iterambere rusange ry’imikorere ritangwa na UV Coatings:
Umuvuduko wihuse w'umusaruro uri hagati ya metero 800 na 900 ku munota, bitewe n'ingano y'umusaruro
Ikirenge gito kiri munsi ya metero 35 (uburebure bw'umurongo)
Imirimo mike ikorwa
Kumisha ako kanya nta byangombwa nyuma yo gukira
Nta kibazo cyo gutwikira amazi mu mazi
Nta gukosora irangi ku bibazo by'ubushyuhe cyangwa ubushuhe
Nta buryo bwihariye bwo kubika/guhindura akazi mu gihe cyo gukora akazi gashya, mu gihe cyo kugatunganya cyangwa mu gihe cyo guhagarika akazi mu mpera z'icyumweru.
Kugabanya ikiguzi cy'abakozi kijyanye n'abakora ibikorwa byo kubungabunga no kubungabunga
Ubushobozi bwo kongera gukoresha ifu irenze urugero, kongera kuyungurura no kongera kuyishyira mu buryo bwo gutwikira
Imikorere myiza y'ibicuruzwa hakoreshejwe irangi rya UV:
Ibisubizo byo gupima ubushuhe byarushijeho kuba byiza
Ibisubizo byiza byo gupima umunyu n'ibihumyo
Ubushobozi bwo guhindura imiterere y'ibara n'uburyo bwo gusiga
Amakoti meza, ibyuma n'amabara birahari
Ibiciro byo gusiga ku kirenge kimwe biri hasi nk'uko bigaragazwa na calculator ya ROI:
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 14-2023
