Imikorere ya UV-ishobora gukira cyane yakoreshejwe mugukora amagorofa, ibikoresho, n'akabati imyaka myinshi. Mubihe byinshi byigihe, 100% -ibikomeye kandi bishingiye kuri UV-ishobora gukira byabaye tekinoroji yiganje kumasoko. Mu myaka yashize, ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku mazi UV-ishobora gukira. Amazi ashingiye ku mazi UV-ashobora gukira byagaragaye ko ari igikoresho cyingirakamaro kubabikora kubwimpamvu zitandukanye, harimo gutsinda ikizinga cya KCMA, gupima imiti, no kugabanya VOC. Kugirango iryo koranabuhanga rikomeze kwiyongera muri iri soko, abashoferi benshi bamenyekanye nkibice byingenzi bigomba kunozwa. Ibi bizatwara amazi ashingiye kuri UV-ashobora gukira birenze kugira "bigomba kugira" ibisigarira byinshi bifite. Bazatangira kongeramo imitungo yingirakamaro kuri coating, bazane agaciro kuri buri mwanya kumurongo wagaciro uhereye kumurongo wububiko kugeza kubasabye uruganda kugeza hanyuma, hanyuma, kuri nyirubwite.
Ababikora, cyane cyane uyumunsi, bifuza igifuniko kizakora ibirenze gutsindira ibisobanuro. Hariho nibindi bintu bitanga inyungu mubikorwa, gupakira, no kwishyiriraho. Ikintu kimwe cyifuzwa ni ugutezimbere imikorere yibihingwa. Kububiko bushingiye kumazi ibi bivuze kurekura amazi byihuse no guhagarika byihuse. Indi mico yifuzwa ni ugutezimbere resin itajegajega yo gufata / kongera gukoresha igifuniko, no gucunga ibarura ryabo. Kurangiza ukoresha nuwashizeho, ibiranga ibyifuzo nibyiza byo gutwika kandi nta kimenyetso cyerekana mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho.
Iyi ngingo izaganira ku bintu bishya byakozwe mu mazi ashingiye kuri UV-ishobora gukira polyurethanes itanga irangi ryiza rya 50 ° C mu buryo busobanutse neza, ndetse no gutwikira pigment. Iraganira kandi ku kuntu ibyo bisigazwa bikemura ibiranga uwasabye gutwikira mu kongera umuvuduko w’umurongo binyuze mu kurekura amazi yihuse, kunanirwa gukumira, no guhangana n’umuti utari ku murongo, biteza imbere umuvuduko wo gukora no gupakira. Ibi bizanatezimbere ibyangiritse kumurongo rimwe na rimwe bibaho. Iyi ngingo iraganira kandi ku iterambere ryerekanwe mu kwanduza imiti n’imiti ikomeye kubashiraho na ba nyirabyo.
Amavu n'amavuko
Imiterere yinganda zikora imyenda igenda itera imbere. "Ugomba kugira" yo gutambutsa ibisobanuro ku giciro cyiza kuri mil ikoreshwa ntabwo bihagije. Imiterere yimyenda ikoreshwa muruganda kubaminisitiri, gufatanya, hasi, nibikoresho birahinduka vuba. Abashinzwe gutanga ibicuruzwa bitanga inganda basabwa gukora neza kugirango abakozi babisabe, bakureho ibintu bihangayikishije cyane, basimbuze VOC amazi, ndetse banakoreshe karuboni nkeya y’ibinyabuzima na karuboni nyinshi. Ikigaragara ni uko murwego rwose rw'agaciro, buri mukiriya arasaba igifuniko gukora ibirenze guhuza ibisobanuro.
Twabonye umwanya wo guha agaciro kanini uruganda, itsinda ryacu ryatangiye gukora iperereza kurwego rwuruganda imbogamizi aba basabye bahuye nazo. Nyuma yo kubazwa byinshi twatangiye kumva insanganyamatsiko zimwe:
- Kwemerera inzitizi birinda intego zanjye zo kwaguka;
- Ibiciro biriyongera kandi ingengo yimari yacu iragabanuka;
- Ibiciro byingufu n'abakozi biriyongera;
- Gutakaza abakozi b'inararibonye;
- Intego zacu za SG&A, kimwe n'iz'umukiriya wanjye, zigomba kuzuzwa; na
- Amarushanwa yo mu mahanga.
Izi nsanganyamatsiko zatumye habaho ibitekerezo-byerekana agaciro byatangiye kumvikana nabasabye gukoresha polyurethanes ishingiye kuri UV ishingiye ku mazi, cyane cyane mu isoko ry’amasoko hamwe n’inama y’abaminisitiri nka: “abakora uruganda n’abaminisitiri barashaka kunoza imikorere y’uruganda” na “ababikora ndashaka ubushobozi bwo kwagura umusaruro ku murongo mugufi w’umusaruro wangiritse ku buryo budasubirwaho bitewe n’imyenda ifite umuvuduko muke wo kurekura amazi. ”
Imbonerahamwe 1 irerekana uburyo, kubakora uruganda rwibikoresho fatizo, kunoza ibintu bimwe na bimwe byo gutwikira hamwe nibintu bifatika biganisha kubikorwa bishobora kugerwaho numukoresha wa nyuma.
Imbonerahamwe 1 | Ibiranga inyungu.
Mugushushanya UV-ishobora gukira PUD hamwe nibintu bimwe na bimwe nkuko bigaragara ku mbonerahamwe ya 1, abakora amaherezo-bazashobora gukemura ibyo bakeneye mu kuzamura umusaruro w’ibihingwa. Ibi bizabafasha guhangana cyane, kandi birashoboka kubemerera kwagura umusaruro uriho.
Ibisubizo by'igeragezwa no kuganira
UV-Ikiza Polyurethane Ikwirakwiza Amateka
Mu myaka ya za 90, imikoreshereze yubucuruzi yo gukwirakwiza anionic polyurethane ikubiyemo amatsinda ya acrylate yometse kuri polymer yatangiye gukoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda.1 Byinshi muribi byari mubipfunyika, wino, hamwe no gutwikira ibiti. Igishushanyo 1 kirerekana imiterere rusange ya UV-ishobora gukira PUD, yerekana uburyo ibyo bikoresho bitwikiriye byateguwe.
FIGURE 1 | Rusange ya acrylate ikora polyurethane ikwirakwizwa.3
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 1, UV-ikiza polyurethane ikwirakwizwa (UV-ikiza PUDs), igizwe nibice bisanzwe bikoreshwa mugukora polyurethane. Aliphatic diisocyanates isubizwa hamwe na est est isanzwe, diol, amatsinda ya hydrophilisation, hamwe nogukwirakwiza urunigi bikoreshwa mugutandukanya polyurethane.2 Itandukaniro niyongerwaho rya estry ikora ya acrylate, epoxy, cyangwa ethers yinjijwe mubyiciro byabanjirije polymer mugihe cyo gutatanya. . Guhitamo ibikoresho bikoreshwa nkibice byubaka, kimwe na polymer yububiko no gutunganya, bigena imikorere ya PUD nibiranga byumye. Ihitamo mubikoresho fatizo no gutunganya bizaganisha kuri UV-ishobora gukira PUDs ishobora kuba itari firime, kimwe nizikora firime.3 Gukora firime, cyangwa ubwoko bwumye, ni ingingo yiyi ngingo.
Gukora firime, cyangwa gukama nkuko bikunze kwitwa, bizatanga firime zifatanije zumye gukoraho mbere ya UV ikiza. Kuberako abasaba bifuza kugabanya kwanduza ikirere kwanduza bitewe nudukoko, kimwe no gukenera umuvuduko mubikorwa byabo, akenshi byumishwa mu ziko murwego rwo gukomeza mbere yo gukira UV. Igishushanyo cya 2 cyerekana uburyo busanzwe bwo gukama no gukiza bwa UV-ikiza PUD.
FIGURE 2 | Inzira yo gukiza UV-ishobora gukira PUD.
Uburyo bwo gukoresha bukoreshwa ni spray. Nyamara, icyuma hejuru yumuzingo ndetse n'ikote ryumwuzure ryakoreshejwe. Bimaze gukoreshwa, igifuniko kizanyura munzira enye mbere yuko gikemurwa.
1.Fash: Ibi birashobora gukorerwa mucyumba cyangwa ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kumasegonda menshi kugeza kuminota mike.
2.Icyuma cyumye: Aha niho amazi hamwe na sol-solts birukanwa hanze. Iyi ntambwe irakomeye kandi mubisanzwe itwara igihe kinini mubikorwa. Iyi ntambwe mubisanzwe iri kuri> 140 ° F kandi imara iminota 8. Amatanura yumye menshi arashobora kandi gukoreshwa.
- Itara rya IR hamwe nu kirere: Gushyira amatara ya IR hamwe nabafana bagenda mu kirere bizihutisha amazi vuba vuba.
3.UV gukiza.
4.Ubukonje: Iyo bimaze gukira, igifuniko kizakenera gukira mugihe runaka kugirango ugere kuburwanya. Iyi ntambwe irashobora gufata igihe kingana niminota 10 mbere yo guhagarika kurwanya
Ubushakashatsi
Ubu bushakashatsi bwagereranije PUD ebyiri za UV-zishobora gukira (WB UV), kuri ubu zikoreshwa mu nama y’abaminisitiri n’isoko ryifatanije n’iterambere ryacu rishya, PUD # 65215A. Muri ubu bushakashatsi tugereranya Standard # 1 na Standard # 2 na PUD # 65215A mukumisha, guhagarika, no kurwanya imiti. Turasuzuma kandi pH itajegajega hamwe nubukonje butajegajega, bishobora kuba ingenzi mugihe dutekereza kongera gukoresha amafaranga arenze urugero nubuzima bwiza. Yerekanwa hepfo mu mbonerahamwe ya 2 ni ibintu bifatika bya buri kintu cyakoreshejwe muri ubu bushakashatsi. Sisitemu zose uko ari eshatu zakozwe kurwego rusa na fotoinitiator, VOC, nurwego rukomeye. Ibisigarira byose uko ari bitatu byakozwe hamwe na 3% bifatanije.
Imbonerahamwe 2 | PUD resin.
Mu biganiro twabajijwe twabwiwe ko imyenda myinshi ya WB-UV mu masoko y’amasosiyete y’abaminisitiri n’abaminisitiri yumye ku murongo w’umusaruro, bifata hagati yiminota 5-8 mbere yuko UV ikira. Ibinyuranye, umurongo wa UV (SB-UV) wumuti wumye muminota 3-5. Mubyongeyeho, kuri iri soko, impuzu zikoreshwa mubisanzwe 4-5 mil. Inzitizi ikomeye kumazi UV-ishobora gukira mugihe ugereranije na UV-ishobora gukemurwa hashingiwe kubindi bisubizo nigihe gitwara cyo kumurika amazi kumurongo wibyara umusaruro.4 Inenge za firime nko kubona umweru zizabaho mugihe amazi atarashwe neza kuva kuri gutwikira mbere ya UV gukira. Ibi birashobora kandi kubaho niba uburebure bwa firime itose ari ndende cyane. Utu tubara twera turema iyo amazi afatiwe muri firime mugihe cyo gukiza UV.5
Kuri ubu bushakashatsi twahisemo gahunda yo gukiza isa nimwe yakoreshwa kumurongo UV-ikiza-ishingiye kumurongo. Igishushanyo cya 3 cyerekana ibyo dukoresha, gukama, gukiza, no gupakira gahunda yo kwiga. Iyi gahunda yo kumisha yerekana hagati ya 50% kugeza kuri 60% kunoza umuvuduko wumurongo rusange kurwego rwisoko ryubu mubisabwa hamwe nabaminisitiri.
FIGURE 3 | Gusaba, gukama, gukiza, no gupakira gahunda.
Hano haribisabwa no gukiza ibintu twakoresheje mubyigisho byacu:
Gusasa porogaramu hejuru ya maple veneer hamwe na basecoat yumukara.
● Icyumba cy'amasegonda 30-amasegonda.
● 140 ° F yumisha kuminota 2.5 (ifuru ya convection).
Umuti UV - gukira hafi 800 mJ / cm2.
- Imyenda isobanutse yakize hakoreshejwe itara rya Hg.
- Ipitingi ya pigment yakize hakoreshejwe itara rya Hg / Ga.
● Umunota 1 ukonje mbere yo gutondeka.
Kubushakashatsi bwacu twateye kandi ubunini butatu bwa firime butose kugirango turebe niba izindi nyungu nkamakoti make nazo zagerwaho. Mils 4 yatose nibisanzwe kuri WB UV. Kuri ubu bushakashatsi twashyizemo kandi mil 6 na 8 mils zo gutwika.
Gukiza Ibisubizo
Igipimo # 1, hejuru cyane-yuzuye neza, ibisubizo byerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 4. Igikoresho gisobanutse cya WB UV cyashyizwe ku cyuma giciriritse (MDF) cyashizwe mbere na basecoat yumukara kandi gikira ukurikije gahunda yerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 3. Kuri 4 mils itose impuzu. Ariko, kuri 6 na 8 mils washyizeho igishishwa cyacitse, kandi mil 8 zavanyweho byoroshye kubera amazi mabi mbere yo gukira UV.
FIGURE 4 | Bisanzwe # 1.
Ibisubizo bisa nabyo bigaragara muri Standard # 2, yerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 5.
FIGURE 5 | Bisanzwe # 2.
Yerekanwa ku gishushanyo cya 6, ukoresheje gahunda yo gukiza nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3, PUD # 65215A yerekanye iterambere ryinshi mu kurekura amazi / gukama. Kuri mil 8 mili yubushyuhe bwa firime, gucikamo gato byagaragaye kuruhande rwo hasi rwicyitegererezo.
FIGURE 6 | PUD # 65215A.
Igeragezwa ryinyongera rya PUD # 65215A mugipfundikizo gike cyane kandi giteye hejuru ya MDF imwe hamwe na basecoat yumukara hasuzumwe kugirango harebwe ibimenyetso biranga amazi mubindi bikoresho bisanzwe. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 7, ifumbire mvaruganda kuri mil 5 na 7 mili yohereje yarekuye amazi ikora firime nziza. Nyamara, kuri kilometero 10 zitose, byari binini cyane kurekura amazi munsi yumunsi wo gukama no gukiza mubishusho 3.
FIGURE 7 | Ubushyuhe buke PUD # 65215A.
Muri formula yera ya pigment, PUD # 65215A yitwaye neza muri gahunda imwe yo gukama no gukiza yasobanuwe ku gishushanyo cya 3, usibye iyo ikoreshejwe kuri mil 8 zitose. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 8, firime yacitse kuri mil 8 kubera amazi meza. Muri rusange muburyo busobanutse, buke-buke, hamwe na pigmented, PUD # 65215A yitwaye neza mugukora firime no gukama iyo ushyizwemo ibirometero bigera kuri 7 kandi ugakira mugihe cyihuse cyo gukama no gukiza cyasobanuwe mubishusho 3.
FIGURE 8 | Pigmented PUD # 65215A.
Guhagarika ibisubizo
Guhagarika kurwanya ni ubushobozi bwo gutwikira kutaguma ku kindi kintu gitwikiriye iyo gishyizwe hamwe. Mu gukora ibi akenshi ni icyuho niba bisaba igihe kugirango igifuniko gikize kugirango ugere kuburwanya. Kuri ubu bushakashatsi, ibipimo bya pigment ya Standard # 1 na PUD # 65215A byashyizwe mubirahuri kuri mili 5 zitose ukoresheje akabari. Ibi byose byakize ukurikije gahunda yo gukira ku gishushanyo cya 3.Ibirahuri bibiri byometseho ikirahure byakize icyarimwe - nyuma yiminota 4 nyuma yo gukiza imbaho zafatanyirijwe hamwe, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 9. Bakomeje gufatanyirizwa hamwe ku bushyuhe bwicyumba amasaha 24 . Niba imbaho zatandukanijwe byoroshye nta kimenyetso cyangwa kwangiriza imbaho zometseho noneho ikizamini cyafatwaga nkicyatsinzwe.
Igicapo 10 kirerekana uburyo bwiza bwo guhagarika PUD # 65215A. Nubwo byombi # 1 na PUD # 65215A byageze ku gukira kwuzuye mu kizamini cyabanjirije iki, PUD # 65215A yonyine yerekanye irekurwa ry’amazi n’umuti uhagije kugira ngo bigerweho.
FIGURE 9 | Guhagarika ikigereranyo cyikigereranyo.
FIGURE 10 | Guhagarika guhangana na Standard # 1, hagakurikiraho PUD # 65215A.
Ibisubizo bya Acrylic
Abakora ibicuruzwa bakunze kuvanga WB UV-ishobora gukira hamwe na acrylics kugirango igiciro gito. Kubushakashatsi bwacu kandi twarebye no kuvanga PUD # 65215A na NeoCryl® XK-12, acrylic ishingiye kumazi, akenshi ikoreshwa nkumufatanyabikorwa wa UV-ishobora gukira amazi ashingiye kuri PUDs kumasoko hamwe nabaminisitiri. Kuri iri soko, ibizamini bya KCMA bifatwa nkibisanzwe. Ukurikije amaherezo-yo gukoresha, imiti imwe nimwe izaba ingirakamaro kurenza iyindi kubakora uruganda. Igipimo cya 5 nicyiza naho igipimo cya 1 nicyo kibi.
Nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 3, PUD # 65215A yitwaye neza cyane mugupima ikizamini cya KCMA nkumucyo mwinshi, usobanutse neza, kandi nkumuti wuzuye. Ndetse iyo ivanze 1: 1 na acrylic, ibizamini bya KCMA ntabwo bigira ingaruka zikomeye. Ndetse no gusiga ibintu nka sinapi, igifuniko cyagaruwe kurwego rwemewe nyuma yamasaha 24.
Imbonerahamwe 3 | Kurwanya imiti no kwanduza (igipimo cya 5 nibyiza).
Usibye kwipimisha KCMA, abayikora nabo bazagerageza gukira ako kanya UV ikize kumurongo. Akenshi ingaruka zo kuvanga acrylic zizahita ziboneka kumurongo ukiza muriki kizamini. Ibiteganijwe ni ukutagira intambwe igaragara nyuma ya 20 isopropyl alcool inshuro ebyiri (20 IPA dr). Ingero zapimwe nyuma yiminota 1 nyuma yo gukira UV. Mu igeragezwa ryacu twabonye ko uruvange rwa 1: 1 rwa PUD # 65215A na acrylic rutatsinze iki kizamini. Ariko, twabonye ko PUD # 65215A ishobora kuvangwa na 25% NeoCryl XK-12 acrylic hanyuma igakomeza gutsinda ikizamini cya 20 IPA (NeoCryl ni ikirango cyanditse mumatsinda ya Covestro).
FIGURE 11 | 20 IPA kabiri-rubs, umunota 1 nyuma yo gukira UV.
Gukomera
Ihame rya PUD # 65215A naryo ryarageragejwe. Imiterere ifatwa nkigikonjo gihamye niba nyuma yibyumweru 4 kuri 40 ° C, pH ntigabanuka munsi ya 7 kandi ibishishwa bikomeza guhagarara neza ugereranije nubwa mbere. Kwipimisha kwacu twafashe umwanzuro wo gutanga ingero kumiterere ikaze yibyumweru 6 kuri 50 ° C. Muri ibi bihe, Standard # 1 na # 2 ntabwo byari bihamye.
Kwipimisha kwacu twarebye hejuru-gloss isobanutse neza, gloss-globe isobanutse, kimwe na globe-glossment pigmented yakoreshejwe muri ubu bushakashatsi. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 12, ihame rya pH ryimiterere uko ari itatu ryagumye rihamye kandi hejuru ya 7.0 pH. Igicapo 13 kirerekana ihinduka ryinshi ryijimye nyuma yibyumweru 6 kuri 50 ° C.
FIGURE 12 | pH ituze rya PUD # 65215A.
FIGURE 13 | Viscosity stabilite ya PUD # 65215A.
Ikindi kizamini cyerekana imikorere itajenjetse ya PUD # 65215A kwari ukongera kugerageza ikizamini cya KCMA kirwanya ifumbire mvaruganda imaze ibyumweru 6 kuri 50 ° C, ukayigereranya nubwa mbere KCMA irwanya ikizinga. Imyenda itagaragaza ituze ryiza izabona ibitonyanga mubikorwa. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 14, PUD # 65215A yagumanye urwego rumwe rwimikorere nkuko byagenze mugupima kwambere imiti igabanya ubukana bwa pigmented yerekanwa kumeza 3.
FIGURE 14 | Ikizamini cyimiti ya pigment ya PUD # 65215A.
Umwanzuro
Kubasaba gukoresha UV-ikiza y’amazi ashingiye ku mazi, PUD # 65215A izabafasha kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho biriho muri iki gihe, ku masoko y’ibiti, ibiti ndetse n’inama y’abaminisitiri, kandi byongeye, bizafasha uburyo bwo gutwikira kubona umurongo utera imbere kugera kuri 50 -60% hejuru yubusanzwe UV-ikiza amazi ashingiye kumazi. Kubasabye ibi birashobora gusobanura:
Production Umusaruro wihuse;
Kwiyongera kwa firime bigabanya gukenera amakoti yinyongera;
Line Imirongo migufi yumisha;
Saving Kuzigama ingufu kubera kugabanuka gukenewe;
Sc Ibiceri bike kubera guhagarika byihuse;
Kugabanya imyanda itwikiriye bitewe na resin ituje.
Hamwe na VOC iri munsi ya 100 g / L, abayikora nabo barashobora kuzuza intego zabo za VOC. Kubakora ibicuruzwa bashobora kuba bafite impungenge zo kwaguka kubera ibibazo byuruhushya, kurekura-amazi-vuba PUD # 65215A bizabafasha kuzuza byoroshye inshingano zabo zubuyobozi nta bitambo byakozwe.
Mu ntangiriro yiki kiganiro twavuze mu biganiro twabajije ko abasaba ibikoresho bishingiye kuri UV-bivura byakunze gukama no gukiza impuzu mugihe cyatwaye iminota 3-5. Twerekanye muri ubu bushakashatsi ko dukurikije inzira yerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 3, PUD # 65215A izakiza uburebure bwa milimetero 7 z'uburebure bwa firime mu minota 4 hamwe n'ubushyuhe bw'itanura bwa 140 ° C. Nibyiza mumadirishya ya solvent-ishingiye kuri UV-ishobora gukira. PUD # 65215A irashobora gushoboza abasaba ibikoresho byubu-UV-ishobora gukemurwa kugirango bahindukire mumazi ashingiye kumazi UV-ashobora gukira hamwe nimpinduka nke kumurongo wabo.
Ku bakora inganda batekereza kwagura umusaruro, ibifuniko bishingiye kuri PUD # 65215A bizabafasha:
● Uzigame amafaranga ukoresheje umurongo mugufi ushingiye kumazi;
● Kugira umurongo muto utwikiriye umurongo muri kiriya kigo;
● Kugira ingaruka zigabanya uruhushya rwa VOC;
Menya kuzigama ingufu kubera kugabanuka gukenewe.
Mu gusoza, PUD # 65215A izafasha kunoza imikorere yumurongo wa UV-ushobora gukira hifashishijwe imikorere-yumutungo-mwinshi hamwe n’amazi yihuta yo kurekura ibiranga iyo byumye kuri 140 ° C.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-14-2024
