Isoko ryo mu nyanja muri Aziya

Aziya ifite igice kinini cy’isoko ryo gutwikira inyanja ku isi kubera ubwinshi bw’inganda zubaka ubwato mu Buyapani, Koreya yepfo n’Ubushinwa.

Isoko ryo mu nyanja mu bihugu bya Aziya ryiganjemo ingufu zubaka ubwato nk'Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo, Singapore, n'Ubushinwa. Mu myaka 15 ishize, iterambere mu nganda zubaka ubwato mu Buhinde, Vietnam na Filipine byatanze amahirwe akomeye ku bakora ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja. Coatings Isi irerekana incamake yisoko ryo gutwikira inyanja muri Aziya muriki kintu.

Incamake yisoko rya Marine Coatings mukarere ka Aziya

Biteganijwe ko miliyoni 3.100 z'amadolari ya Amerika mu mpera za 2023, isoko ryo mu nyanja ryagaragaye nk'igice cy'ingenzi mu nganda rusange zisiga amarangi no gutwikira mu myaka icumi n'igice ishize.

Aziya ifite igice kinini cy’isoko ryo gutwikira inyanja ku isi kubera ubwinshi bw’inganda zubaka ubwato mu Buyapani, Koreya yepfo
n'Ubushinwa. Amato mashya angana na 40-45% yububiko bwose bwo mu nyanja. Gusana no kubungabunga bingana na 50-52% by'isoko ryose ryo mu nyanja, mu gihe ubwato bwo kwinezeza / ubwato bugizwe na 3-4% by'isoko.

Nkuko byavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki, Aziya nicyo cyabaye intandaro yinganda zo mu nyanja. Kubara igice kinini cyumugabane wisoko, akarere karimo amazu yubaka ubwato nubwubatsi bushya.

Agace ka kure k'iburasirazuba - harimo Ubushinwa, Koreya y'Epfo, Ubuyapani na Singapuru - ni agace gakomeye mu nganda zo mu nyanja. Ibi bihugu bifite inganda zikomeye zo kubaka ubwato n’ubucuruzi bukomeye bwo mu nyanja, bigatuma abantu benshi bakenera kwambara mu nyanja. Ibisabwa ku nyanja zo mu nyanja muri ibi bihugu biteganijwe ko byandika umuvuduko w’iterambere mu gihe gito kandi giciriritse.

Mu mezi cumi n'abiri ashize (Nyakanga 2023- Kamena 2024), igurishwa ry’imyenda y’amato mashya ryazamutse cyane, bitewe n’ubushake bw’ibisabwa n'Ubushinwa na Koreya y'Epfo. Igurishwa ry’imyenda yo gusana ubwato ryiyongereye cyane, igice bitewe n’ubwiyongere bukenewe ku mato kugira ngo ugabanye imyuka ihumanya ikirere, kugira ngo yubahirize amabwiriza ya peteroli yo mu nyanja.

Aziya yiganje mubwubatsi bwubwato kandi bivamo imyenda yo mu nyanja byatwaye imyaka mirongo kugirango ubigereho. Ubuyapani bwabaye ingabo zubaka ubwato ku isi mu myaka ya za 1960, Koreya y'Epfo mu myaka ya za 1980 n'Ubushinwa mu myaka ya za 90.

Ubu imbuga ziva mu Buyapani, Koreya yepfo n’Ubushinwa nizo zifite uruhare runini muri buri gice cy’ibice bine by’isoko: tanker, abatwara ibicuruzwa byinshi, amato ya kontineri hamwe n’amato yo mu nyanja nko kureremba kureremba no kubika hamwe n’ubwato bwa LNG.
Ubusanzwe, Ubuyapani na Koreya y'Epfo byatanze ikoranabuhanga ryiza kandi ryizewe ugereranije n'Ubushinwa. Nyamara, nyuma y’ishoramari rikomeye mu nganda zubaka ubwato, Ubushinwa ubu butanga amato meza mu bice bigoye cyane nk'amato manini ya kontineri ya 12,000-14,000 ya metero 20 zingana na TEU.

Abayobozi bayobora ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja

Isoko ryo mu nyanja ryahurijwe hamwe cyane, hamwe nabakinnyi bakomeye nka Chugoku Marine Paints, Jotun, AkzoNobel, PPG, Hempel, KCC, Kansai, Nippon Paint, na Sherwin-Williams bangana na 90% by'umugabane rusange ku isoko.

Mu mwaka wa 2023 hamaze kugurishwa miliyoni 11,853 NOK (miliyari 1.13 $) ziva mu bucuruzi bw’inyanja, Jotun iri mu bihugu bitanga umusaruro mwinshi ku isi. Hafi ya 48% by'imyenda y'isosiyete yagurishijwe mu bihugu bitatu bikomeye byo muri Aziya - Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo n'Ubushinwa - mu 2023.

Hamwe no kugurisha kwisi yose miliyoni 1.482 zama euro ziva mubucuruzi bwayo bwo mu nyanja mu 2023, AkzoNobel numwe mubakora ibicuruzwa binini byo mu nyanja n’abatanga ibicuruzwa.

Ubuyobozi bwa AkzoNobel bwagaragaje muri raporo y’umwaka wa 2023, bugira buti: "Gukomeza kwiyongera mu bucuruzi bw’imyenda yo mu nyanja na byo byagaragaye cyane bitewe n’icyifuzo gikomeye, ubumenyi bwa tekiniki ndetse no kwibanda ku buryo burambye. Hagati aho, twongeye kwerekana ko turi mu isoko rishya ryubaka inyanja muri Aziya, twibanda ku mato ya tekiniki, aho uburyo bwo kuzigama bw’ibicuruzwa bitanga ibicuruzwa kandi bitanga ibisubizo bikomoka kuri peteroli kandi bitangiza ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga. shyigikira icyifuzo cya decarbonisation. ”

Chugkou Paints yatangaje ko igurishwa rusange rya miliyoni 101.323 yen (miliyoni 710 $) ziva mu bicuruzwa byo mu nyanja.

Ibihugu bishya bitwara ibinyabiziga

Kugeza ubu yiganjemo Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo n'Ubushinwa, isoko ryo mu nyanja zo muri Aziya ryagiye rigaragara cyane mu bihugu byinshi byo muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba n'Ubuhinde. Bimwe muri ibyo bihugu biteganijwe ko bizavuka nkibigo bikomeye byubaka ubwato no gusana mu gihe giciriritse kandi kirekire.

Vietnam, Maleziya, Filipine, Indoneziya, n'Ubuhinde biteganijwe ko bizagira uruhare runini mu kuzamuka kw'inganda zitwikiriye inyanja mu myaka iri imbere.

Kurugero, inganda zo mu nyanja za Vietnam zatangajwe n’urwego rwa mbere na guverinoma ya Vietnam kandi iri mu nzira yo kuba imwe mu masosiyete manini yubaka ubwato no gusana ubwato muri Aziya. Biteganijwe ko ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja byinjira mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga byoherezwa mu mahanga byumye muri Vietnam biteganijwe ko biziyongera cyane mu myaka mike iri imbere.

Ee Soon Hean, umuyobozi mukuru, Nippon Paint Vietnam, yashinze ikigo cy’inganda muri Vietnam mu 2023, yagize ati: "Twaguye ikirenge cyacu muri Vietnam kugira ngo dushyiremo inyanja zo mu nyanja." tonnage iriho. ”
Ibintu bigenga ibidukikije kugirango byongere ibyifuzo byo mu nyanja
Biteganijwe ko ibintu bigenga ibidukikije nibidukikije bizatera icyifuzo no kuzamura inganda zo mu nyanja mu myaka iri imbere.

Ishami mpuzamahanga ryita ku nyanja (IMO) rivuga ko inganda zitwara abantu mu nyanja zifite uruhare runini kuri 3% by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ku isi. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, ubu inganda zirasunikwa na guverinoma, abagenzuzi mpuzamahanga, ndetse n’umuryango mugari kugira ngo basukure ibikorwa byayo.

IMO yashyizeho amategeko agabanya kandi agabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere n'inyanja. Guhera muri Mutarama 2023, ubwato bwose buri hejuru ya toni 5.000 zose zapimwe hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho bya Carbone Intensiya ya IMO (CII), ikoresha uburyo busanzwe bwo kubara ibyuka bihumanya.

Hull coatings yagaragaye nkigice cyingenzi cyibandwaho n’amasosiyete atwara ibicuruzwa n’abakora ubwato mu kugabanya ibiciro bya lisansi n’ibyuka bihumanya. Isuku isukuye igabanya ubukana, ikuraho igihombo bityo ikabika lisansi kandi igabanya ibyuka bihumanya. Ibiciro bya lisansi mubisanzwe byerekana hagati ya 50 na 60% byamafaranga yakoreshejwe. Umushinga GloFouling wa IMO watangaje mu 2022 ko ba nyir'ubwite bashobora kuzigama miliyoni 6.5 USD kuri buri bwato ku giciro cya lisansi mu gihe cy'imyaka itanu bakoresheje isuku ya hull na moteri.