I. Umwaka w'intsinzi ku nganda zikora irangi hamwe n'iterambere ry'ubuziranenge rihoraho*
Mu 2022, bitewe n’impamvu nyinshi nk’icyorezo n’imiterere y’ubukungu, inganda zikora irangi zakomeje gutera imbere. Dukurikije imibare, umusaruro w’irangi mu Bushinwa wageze kuri toni miliyoni 38 muri 2021, iterambere ry’ibidukikije, rikoresha karubone nkeya n’iry’ubwiza bwabaye insanganyamatsiko nyamukuru y’iterambere ry’inganda zikora irangi mu Bushinwa, rigera ku iterambere rinini rigana ku bwiza n’iterambere ry’umusaruro. Uko inganda zikora irangi mu Bushinwa zihagaze mu nganda zikora irangi ku isi bigenda birushaho kuba ingenzi, kandi umuvuduko w’iterambere uva mu gihugu kinini cy’irangi ukagera ku gihugu gikomeye cy’irangi urushaho kugaragara. Ku bijyanye no kwemeza ibicuruzwa bihumanya ibidukikije, isuzuma ry’uruganda rukora irangi, isuzuma ry’imyanda ikomeye, amahugurwa y’abahanga mu by’ubuhanga, kubaka urubuga rw’ubuhanga hagati y’inganda na kaminuza, no kunoza ingaruka mpuzamahanga, inganda zikomeje guteza imbere iterambere ry’ubwiza kandi zikomeje kuba moteri y’ingenzi mu iterambere ry’irangi ku isi!
*II. Inganda zikomeje kurwanya icyorezo kandi zikibanda ku gukora ibikorwa byo kwifasha*
Mu 2022, amasosiyete akomeye mu nganda yakomeje gushyira mu bikorwa icyitegererezo cyo kurwanya icyorezo. Amasosiyete nka North Xinjiang Building Materials, Huayi Petrochemical, Simcote, Fostex, Haihua Academy, Jiaboli, Xinhe, Zhejiang Bridge, Northwest Yongxin, Tianjin Beacon Tower, Bard Fort, Benteng Coatings, Jiangxi Guangyuan, Jinlitai, Jiangsu Yida, Yi Pin Pigments, Yuxing Machinery and Trade, Huayuan Pigments, Zhujiang Coatings, Jinyu Coatings, Qiangli New Materials, Ruilai Technology, Yantai Titanium, Mandeli, Jitai, Qisansi, Zaodun, Xuanwei, Libang, Axalta, PPG, Dow, Hengshui Paint, Langsheng, Hempel, AkzoNobel, n'ibindi, yashyizeho abakozi bo gukora icyitegererezo cyo kwitabara no gufasha amasosiyete na sosiyete, batanga amafaranga n'ibintu, kandi bashyiramo imbaraga mu gusohoza inshingano z'imibereho myiza no kugaragaza inshingano n'inshingano z'amasosiyete acuruza irangi.
Amashyirahamwe y’inganda n’amashami y’ubucuruzi ahagarariwe n’Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Ubushinwa rishinzwe Imitako nabyo byakoze akazi ko gufasha mu kurwanya icyorezo. Mu gihe gikomeye cyo kurwanya icyorezo, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Ubushinwa rishinzwe Imitako ryahaye uruhare runini umuryango wigenga w’inganda, ryaguze udupfukamunwa twa KN95 two kurwanya icyorezo, maze tubukwirakwiza mu byiciro ku Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Ubushinwa rya Guangdong, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Imitako n’Amarangi rya Shanghai, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Imitako rya Chengdu, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Imitako rya Shaanxi, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Imitako n’Amarangi rya Chongqing, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Imitako rya Henan, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Imitako mu Ntara ya Shandong, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Imitako mu Ntara ya Jiangsu, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Imitako mu Ntara ya Zhejiang, n’Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Imitako mu Ntara ya Fujian. , Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda za Jiangxi Coatings, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda za Anhui Coatings, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda za Ningbo Coatings and Coatings, Ishyirahamwe rya Changzhou Coatings, Ishyirahamwe rya Tianjin Coatings, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda za Hubei Coatings, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda za Petrochemical rya Hunan Coatings Industry Association, Ishami ry’Inganda za Zhangzhou Coatings, Ishami ry’Ubucuruzi rya Shunde Coatings, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda za Xiamen Coatings, Ishami ry’Ikoranabuhanga rya Zhejiang Coatings, Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda za Hebei Coatings n’andi mashyirahamwe y’ubucuruzi n’amabara yo mu gace n’ibigo by’ubucuruzi kugira ngo bishyirwe mu bikorwa mu bigo by’ubucuruzi byo mu gace.
Bitewe n’uko ingamba zo gukumira no kurwanya zikomeje gushyirwaho buhoro buhoro, mu gihe habayeho guhuza ibikorwa byo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo ndetse n’iterambere ry’ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage, bikekwa ko umwaka wa 2023 uzaba wuzuyemo icyizere.
*III. Kongera kunoza politiki n'amabwiriza*
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ibikorwa by'ingenzi by'inganda zikora irangi birimo kugenzura VOCs, irangi ridafite lisansi, microplastics, isuzuma ry'ingaruka za titanium dioxide n'ubushakashatsi no kugenzura ikoreshwa ry'ibiyobyabwenge, ndetse na politiki n'amabwiriza bifitanye isano. Vuba aha, imicungire y'imiti, isuzuma ry'ingaruka no gushyira mu byiciro, igenzura rya PFAS n'imiti idafite lisansi byongewemo.
Ku ya 23 Ugushyingo 2022, Urukiko rw'Ubutabera rw'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi rwakuyeho uburyo EU yashyiraga titanium dioxide mu ifu nk'ikintu gitera kanseri binyuze mu guhumeka. Urukiko rwasanze Komisiyo y'Uburayi yakoze amakosa agaragara mu gusuzuma uburyo ubushakashatsi bwashingiyeho mu gushyira mu byiciro, kandi ikoresha nabi ibipimo ngenderwaho by'ishyirwa mu byiciro by'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi ku bintu bidafite imiterere ya kanseri.
IV. Kubaka uburyo bwo gusiga irangi ry’icyatsi kibisi ku nganda zisiga irangi, kandi ibigo byinshi byatsinze icyemezo cy’uruganda rusiga irangi ry’icyatsi kibisi n’icyatsi kibisi*
Kuva mu 2016, ku buyobozi bwa Minisiteri y'Inganda n'Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru n'Ishyirahamwe ry'Inganda zikora ibikomoka kuri Peteroli n'Imyumbati mu Bushinwa, Ishyirahamwe ry'Inganda zikora ibikomoka kuri Peteroli n'Imyumbati mu Bushinwa ryakoze cyane mu kubaka uburyo bwo gukora ibikomoka ku bimera mu nganda zikora ibikomoka kuri Peteroli n'Imyumbati. Binyuze mu buyobozi n'ibizamini bisanzwe, hashyizweho uburyo bwo gukora ibikomoka ku bimera bugizwe na pariki z'icyatsi kibisi, inganda zikora ibikomoka ku bimera, ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku bimera n'uruhererekane rw'ibikomoka ku bimera. Mu mpera za 2022, hari amahame 2 y'isuzuma ry'uruganda rukora ibikomoka ku bimera n'umwuka wa titaniyumu, ndetse n'amahame 7 y'isuzuma ry'ibikomoka ku bimera mu nyubako zishingiye ku mazi, n'ibindi biri ku rutonde rw'amabwiriza y'icyatsi kibisi na Minisiteri y'Inganda n'Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru.
Ku ya 6 Kamena, Minisiteri esheshatu na komisiyo zirimo Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru zashyize ahagaragara icyiciro cya mbere cy’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi bitemewe n’amategeko byo mu 2022 ku rutonde rw’ibicuruzwa byo mu cyaro no ku rutonde rw’ibigo, banatangiza “Urubuga rwa 2022 rw’Ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi bitemewe n’amategeko mu cyaro”. Bashishikariza inzego zujuje ibisabwa gutanga inkunga ikwiye cyangwa kugabanyirizwa inguzanyo ku ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi bitemewe n’amategeko. Bakoresha ibyiza byo gukoresha urubuga rw’ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti kugira ngo bayobore kandi bashishikarize ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho. Mu “Urutonde rw’Ibikoresho byemewe n’amategeko mu by’ubwubatsi n’ibigo by’ubucuruzi (Icyiciro cya mbere muri 2022)”, hatoranijwe ibikoresho 82 by’ubwubatsi n’ibindi bifitanye isano birimo Sangeshu, ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi bya Xinjiang y’Amajyaruguru, Jiaboli, Fostex, Zhejiang Bridge, Junzi Blue, n’ibicuruzwa by’ubwubatsi.
Ishyirahamwe ry’igihugu ry’inganda zikora ibirahure mu Bushinwa ryanateje imbere cyane icyemezo cy’ibicuruzwa bihumanya ikirere n’inganda zikora ibirahure mu nganda zikora ibirahure. Kuri ubu, amasosiyete menshi yatsinze icyemezo cy’ibicuruzwa bihumanya ikirere mu Bushinwa n’isuzuma ry’ibicuruzwa bidafite ibidukikije rya Low VOC Coatings Product Evaluation.
*V. Gutanga imiburo, ibiciro no gusesengura uko inganda zihagaze*
Mu ntangiriro za Werurwe 2022, nk'uko ubushakashatsi buheruka bwabigaragaje, bitewe n'izamuka ryihuta ry'ibiciro by'ibikoresho fatizo byo mu Bushinwa, ibigo byinshi mu nganda zikora irangi mu Bushinwa byahombye. Nyuma yo kwiga neza, Ishyirahamwe ry'Igihugu ry'Inganda zikora irangi mu Bushinwa ryatanze umuburo wa mbere w'inyungu ku nganda zikora irangi mu Bushinwa mu 2022, risaba ibigo mu nganda gukurikirana neza inyungu n'imikorere, no guhindura ingamba z'ubucuruzi bwabyo ku gihe hakurikijwe impinduka ziri ku isoko ry'ibikoresho fatizo byo mu Bushinwa.
Ku gitekerezo cy’Ishami rishinzwe Inganda z’Ibikoresho Bishamikiyeho rya Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru, Ishyirahamwe ry’Igihugu ry’Inganda z’Ibikoresho Bishamikiyeho ryashyize ahagaragara Igipimo cy’Ibiciro by’Inganda z’Ubushinwa ku nshuro ya mbere mu Nama Ngarukamwaka y’Amakuru ku Nganda z’Ubushinwa yo mu 2022 kuva ku ya 24 kugeza ku ya 26 Kanama. Kugeza ubu, inganda z’ibikoresho zifite igipimo kigaragaza imikorere y’ubukungu igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Ishyirwaho rya Igipimo cy’Ibiciro by’Inganda z’Ubushinwa cyerekana ishyirwaho ry’uburyo bwo gusuzuma ubuzima bw’uruhererekane rw’inganda z’ibikoresho bishamikiyeho. Bizafasha kandi gushyiraho uburyo bwo gutumanaho ku isoko hagati y’ibigo, amashyirahamwe y’inganda n’amashami ya leta agenga imicungire. Igipimo cy’Ibiciro by’Inganda z’Ubushinwa kigizwe n’ibice bibiri: Igipimo cy’ibiciro by’ibikoresho bishamikiyeho n’igipimo cy’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bishamikiyeho. Dukurikije igenzura, igipimo cy’izamuka ry’ibipimo bibiri gikunze kuba gihoraho. Batanze inkunga y’amakuru nyayo ku nzego zose zitabiriye. Intambwe ikurikiraho izaba ugutegura ibipimo bito, kwagura ibigo bishya byitabira iki gipimo, no gutanga serivisi nyinshi ku bigo biri muri iki gipimo kugira ngo birusheho kunoza ukuri kw’iki gipimo no kugaragaza neza icyerekezo cy’ibiciro by’ibikoresho bishamikiyeho. Kuyobora iterambere ryiza ry'inganda.
*VI. Imirimo y'Ishyirahamwe ry'Inganda z'Ubushinwa n'ibigo by'ingenzi byemewe na UNEP*
Ku nkunga ikomeye y’Ishyirahamwe ry’Indashyikirwa ry’Ubushinwa n’ibigo bitandukanye by’igerageza, nyuma y’imyaka irenga ibiri y’umuhate, Amabwiriza ya Tekiniki yo Kuvugurura Indashyikirwa zirimo Lead (version y’Igishinwa), kimwe mu byagezweho n’umushinga w’igerageza ry’ikoranabuhanga rikoresha lead wakozwe n’Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi bw’Ibidukikije ry’Abashinwa (Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Gutunganya Isuku), yashyizwe ahagaragara ku mugaragaro ku rubuga rwemewe rwa UNEP. Abacuruza irangi babiri mu Bushinwa [Yingze New Materials (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. na Jiangsu Shuangye Chemical Pigments Co., Ltd.] n’ibigo bitanu by’igerageza ry’indashyikirwa (Fish Child New Materials Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Tian'nv Group Paint Co., Ltd., Hunan Xiangjiang Coatings Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Lanling High Polymer Materials Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Changjiang Coatings Co., Ltd.) bashimiwe ku mugaragaro mu kinyamakuru cya UNEP, kandi ibicuruzwa by’ibigo bibiri byashyizwe mu manza. Byongeye kandi, UNEP yanaganiriye na Tian'nv Company inatangaza inkuru ku rubuga rwayo rwemewe. Impande zose zagize uruhare muri uyu mushinga zashimwe cyane na UNEP.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-16-2023
