Ejo hazaza hatekanye ku bicuruzwa bya polyurethane

Ku itariki ya 4 Kanama 2020, itegeko rishya ribuza diisocyanates muri REACH ryemejwe n'abayobozi b'i Burayi, rigamije kugabanya ubukana bw'indwara z'ubuhumekero n'iz'uruhu zishobora guterwa na diisocyanates.

2 Ukuboza 2021

 PolyurethanesAmabwiriza

Ubushakashatsi bushya bugamije guteza imbere uburyo bwo gupima ubushobozi bwo gupima ubushobozi bwo gupima. Inkomoko y'ishusho: quimono - Pixabay (ishusho y'ikimenyetso).

REACH (Kwiyandikisha, Gusuzuma, Kwemerera no Kugabanya Ibinyabutabire) ni itegeko ry’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, ryemejwe kugira ngo ritezwe imbere uburyo bwo kurinda ubuzima bw’abantu n’ibidukikije ingaruka zishobora guterwa n’ibinyabutabire, mu gihe rinanoza ubushobozi bw’inganda zikora ibinyabutabire zo mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi bwo guhangana n’ibinyabutabire.

Kole za polyurethane (PU) n'ibifunga byazo ni byiza gukoreshwa mu bicuruzwa byinshi mu nganda zitandukanye, nko mu modoka, mu bikoresho byo mu nzu, mu bwubatsi no mu gupakira. Gukora polyurethane bisaba diisocyanates zihumura cyangwa aliphatic. Izi ni nziza iyo zikoreshejwe hakurikijwe ingamba zashyizweho zo kwirinda. Mu ikorwa rya PU, diisocyanates, zihuye na polyols mu by'ukuri zirakoreshwa ku buryo zitaba mu bicuruzwa bya polyurethane byarangiye. Iri tegeko ntiribuza ikoreshwa rya kole za polyurethane n'ibifunga, ahubwo rishyiraho ibisabwa mu myitozo kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu mutekano. Kole za PU n'ibifunga bizakomeza gukoreshwa cyane kubera uburyo zikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye kandi kuko nta ikoranabuhanga rihari rishobora gukora ibicuruzwa bifite imiterere yose ya PU.

Amabwiriza ya REACH EC/1907/2006 avuga ku ikorwa n'ikoreshwa ry'ibintu bihumanya ikirere, ndetse n'ingaruka zabyo ku buzima bw'abantu ndetse no ku bidukikije. Itegeko ryo ku wa 4 Kanama 2020 rigenga REACH rivuga ko hakenewe amahugurwa n'ibirango ku bakoresha diisocyanates mu nganda cyangwa mu bunyamwuga (ku giti cyabo cyangwa mu buryo buvanze) bafite uburemere burenze 0.1% by'uburemere. Iri tegeko rireba ibikorwa byose bishobora kubaho aho diisocyanates zishobora kubaho. Ntabwo rireba ibicuruzwa bya PU bikoreshwa n'abaguzi. Hari itegeko ritandukanye rigenga ibicuruzwa bikoresha ryamaze gushyirwa mu bikorwa.

Ibisabwa ku mahugurwa ategetswe

Abakoresha diisocyanate b’inzobere n’inganda bazaba bafite inshingano zo kurangiza amahugurwa yabo n’ay’abakozi babo. Abayobozi nabo bazakenera amahugurwa. Nubwo abatanga serivisi bashinzwe gusa kumenyesha abakoresha ko amahugurwa akeneye, ntabwo bashinzwe guhugura abakozi. Nta cyemezo gikenewe kivuye ku bakoresha ku batanga serivisi. Abatanga serivisi bagomba kugeza ku bakiriya babo amakuru bahawe n’abatanga serivisi.

Amahugurwa n'impamyabumenyi, bikubiyemo gutsinda ikizamini, bigomba kuba byararangiye bitarenze tariki ya 24 Kanama 2023. Inyandiko z'amahugurwa ahabwa abakozi zigomba kubikwa n'abakoresha. Buri myaka itanu, kuvugurura amahugurwa bizaba ngombwa. Hariho ibyiciro bitatu by'amahugurwa bijyanye n'urwego rutandukanye rw'ibyago. Ibisabwa kuri buri muntu mu mahugurwa bizaterwa n'urwego rw'ibyago ahura nabyo.

Urubuga rushya rw'amahugurwa ya PU

FEICA, ku bufatanye n'Ishyirahamwe ry'Abakora Diisocyanate & Polyol mu Burayi (ISOPA), Ishyirahamwe ry'Abakora Aliphatic Isocyanate mu Burayi (ALIPA), n'izindi nganda nyinshi mu nganda za polyurethane, imaze igihe ikora cyane mu gutegura gahunda yuzuye y'amahugurwa kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza mu mutekano diisocyanate ku bakora n'abakoresha b'inzobere hirya no hino mu Burayi. Muri ubu buryo, FEICA kandi igenzura ko abakoresha bose ba PU irimo kole n'ibifunga by'ingufu hirya no hino mu Burayi bakomeza gufata diisocyanate mu mutekano. Urubuga rw'amahugurwa rwatangijwe mu Cyongereza mu Gushyingo 2021. Guhera ku ya 1 Ukuboza ruzaboneka mu Kidage.

Uru rubuga ruzaba ruboneka mu bihugu byose bigize Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, kandi ibikoresho byose by’amahugurwa bizaboneka mu ndimi zose z’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi hagati mu 2022. Inyemezabuguzi y’ubuntu ku bakoresha bose b’insinga zo mu Burayi zikoresha kole n’ibifunga iraboneka kuri www.feica.eu. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho by’amahugurwa bizaboneka ku myitozo y’umuntu ku giti cye.

Inshingano zo Gushyira Ibirango ku Bindi Bindi

Guhera ku itariki ya 24 Gashyantare 2022, interuro/ikirango bigomba kugaragara ku bicuruzwa kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu nganda cyangwa mu rwego rw'umwuga bifite uburemere burenze 0.1%. Interuro ishobora kugaragara igira iti: “Kuva ku itariki ya 24 Kanama 2023, hakenewe amahugurwa ahagije mbere yo gukoresha iki gicuruzwa mu nganda cyangwa mu rwego rw'umwuga.” Itegeko ryo ku itariki ya 4 Kanama 2020 rigenga REACH ntiritanga amakuru y'inyongera ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'ikirango (urugero: ingano, aho giherereye, cyangwa ururimi). Turashishikariza cyane impande zose bireba gutangira gushyiraho ingamba zo kugishyiraho vuba bishoboka no kujya ku rubuga rwa FEICA buri gihe kugira ngo bamenye amakuru mashya.